Choosing The Right Boat For Crossing Lake Michigan

Lake Michigan is a massive body of water that spans 321 miles in length and 118 miles in width. Crossing the lake can be challenging depending on the type of boat, weather conditions, and time of year. The recommended motorboat size for crossing Lake Michigan is over 28 feet long, while the recommended sailboat size is over 23 feet long. It is crucial to consider safety precautions, such as checking weather forecasts and ensuring the boat is mechanically sound, before embarking on a crossing.

Recommended boat size

Lake Michigan is a large body of water with a length of 321 miles and a width of 118 miles. It is not your average lake, and crossing it can be very challenging depending on your boat, the weather, and the season. The recommended size for a sailboat is over 23 feet long, while for a motorboat, it is recommended to be over 28 feet long.

Technically, a 16-foot vessel can handle Lake Michigan on a calm day, but it is not advisable to go out on anything smaller than 23 feet, especially if you plan on crossing the lake. Even with a boat that size, you will experience harsh waves, and you will need to slow down to avoid smashing into a rogue wave. Therefore, it is recommended to get something larger than 28 feet to weather the conditions.

For sailboats, a size of around 30 feet is ideal, as it is big enough to handle the chop and provides room to grow into without getting too expensive. Anything over 31 feet might be a waste of money unless you regularly voyage with a larger crew and need more space. For motorboats, the recommended size is anything over 28 feet long.

When it comes to safety, it is important to remember that Lake Michigan can create giant waves, which can cause danger and seasickness. It is crucial to check the weather and water conditions before embarking on your journey. While Lake Michigan waves rarely get over 4 feet high in the summer, boats within the 23-28 foot range should be able to handle these conditions. However, with smaller vessels, the maximum wave height you should attempt to brave is 2.5 feet, and even then, you are likely to be in for a bumpy ride.

Overall, when it comes to crossing Lake Michigan, it is best to opt for a larger vessel in the recommended size range to ensure a safe and comfortable journey.

Weather conditions

The best time to cross Lake Michigan is during the summer months, particularly from June to August, when wave heights are typically smaller. During the offseason, waves tend to be larger, and it is advisable to avoid crossing during these periods. Checking weather forecasts is imperative, as it can help you avoid getting caught in a storm or facing high waves.

Lake Michigan is known for its unpredictable weather, and it is crucial to be prepared for various conditions. Even during the summer, the lake can experience strong winds and rapidly changing weather. It is always recommended to bring extra blankets and warm clothing, as it tends to get cold on the water, especially in the evenings.

When planning a crossing, it is also essential to consider the range of your boat. The journey from one end of the lake to the other can take anywhere from 2.5 to 20 hours, depending on your boat's speed and the weather conditions. Ensuring that your boat has sufficient fuel and checking that all systems are in good working order are vital steps in preparing for the crossing.

Lastly, it is worth noting that Lake Michigan can create giant waves, which can cause danger and seasickness. Staying out of the cabin and looking towards the horizon can help alleviate these issues. Overall, being cautious, well-prepared, and vigilant about weather conditions is key to a safe and enjoyable crossing of Lake Michigan.

Safety precautions

When it comes to crossing Lake Michigan by boat, safety should always be a top priority. Here are some detailed safety precautions to follow:

Boat Preparation:

• Ensure your boat is in good working condition and mechanically sound. Get a mechanic to inspect the engine and stern drive.
• Check all systems and equipment, including the bilge, navigation lights, and cabin ventilation to prevent carbon dioxide poisoning.
• Make sure you have the required safety equipment on board, such as life jackets, fire extinguishers, a first-aid kit, nautical charts, an anchor, and sound-producing devices (a whistle for state waters, an air horn for federal waters).
• Familiarize yourself with the boat, especially if it's a new or recently acquired vessel. Take it out for test runs in different conditions to identify any potential issues.
• Know your boat's fuel capacity and range. Calculate the distance and ensure you have enough fuel for the trip, taking into account possible changes in weather conditions.

Planning and Communication:

• Always inform someone who is not boating with you about your trip details, including your route, expected duration, and return time.
• Establish scheduled check-in times and provide them with emergency contact information, such as the phone numbers for local emergency services and the U.S. Coast Guard.
• Check weather conditions and forecasts before departure and monitor them during the trip. Be prepared to adjust your plans if conditions change.

Safe Boating Practices:

• Always wear a life jacket when the vessel is underway. This is legally required in Michigan for children under the age of six, who must wear a USCG-approved Type I or Type II life jacket.
• Be aware of your surroundings and watch for other boats, swimmers, skiers, and objects in the water, especially in crowded areas, at night, or in restricted visibility conditions.
• Look out for commercial fishing nets and buoys. Orange flagging may indicate the presence of nets in the water, which can cause entanglements.
• Follow boating rules and regulations, including speed limits, navigation rules, and local watercraft rules.
• Avoid alcohol consumption while boating. It impairs judgment, balance, and reaction time, increasing the risk of accidents.

Remember, safety on Lake Michigan depends on proper preparation, adherence to regulations, and staying alert during your journey.

Fuel and range

When it comes to crossing Lake Michigan, fuel and range are crucial considerations. The lake is approximately 100 miles wide, translating to a 5-6 hour journey at a speed of 20 miles per hour. However, it's important to account for potential changes in weather conditions, which can prolong the journey.

To ensure a safe crossing, it is recommended to thoroughly understand your boat's fuel capacity and mileage. For instance, a user planning to cross from Grand Haven to Milwaukee estimated their boat's fuel tank capacity at 75 gallons, with a mileage of 2 miles per gallon. This would provide a tight cushion in the event of unfavourable weather conditions.

It is worth noting that fuel prices can vary across locations and fluctuate over time. For instance, in Michigan City, IN, the price of 91 OCTANE GASOLINE w/ Valvtect (NO ETHANOL) was listed at $5.39, while DIESEL FUEL w/ Valvtect (NO ETHANOL) was $4.93.

Additionally, some marinas offer discounts for cash or check payments, and it is advisable to call ahead to confirm fuel prices, as online sources may not always be up to date.

Before embarking on a journey across Lake Michigan, it is imperative to carefully plan and ensure that your boat is mechanically sound, and that you are well-prepared for any potential changes in weather conditions or other unforeseen events.

Boating experience

Boat Type and Size:

The size and type of boat you choose for crossing Lake Michigan is critical. The lake's vast size and unpredictable weather conditions demand respect. For motorboats, aim for a vessel longer than 28 feet. This length offers better stability and comfort when navigating the lake's waves, which can reach up to four feet during the summer. Smaller boats, while possible, will provide a bumpier ride and are only recommended for waves up to 2.5 feet.

For sailboats, the recommended length is over 23 feet, with an emphasis on having a cabin and an alternative source of propulsion besides wind power. A larger sailboat will provide a smoother sailing experience and better protection from the elements.

Weather Conditions:

Always check weather forecasts and water conditions before embarking on your journey. Websites like noaa.gov provide valuable information on wave heights and other relevant data. Avoid crossing during the offseason, as waves tend to be larger during that period. The peak boating season on Lake Michigan is between May and October, with June through August being the most favourable months.

Safety Precautions:

Safety should be your top priority. Ensure you have the necessary safety equipment, including life jackets, flares, proper lighting, and a functioning radio. It's also wise to bring extra blankets and warm clothing, as it can get cold on the water, especially in the evenings. Always bring more food and water than you think you'll need. If possible, consider the "buddy system" and have another boat accompany you on the crossing.

Journey Time:

The time it takes to cross Lake Michigan depends on your boat's type and speed. On a motorboat travelling at 20 knots (23 mph), the crossing can be completed in approximately 2.5 to 5 hours. A sailboat journey at 5 knots (5.75 mph) will take significantly longer, ranging from 10 to 20 hours.

Destinations:

Lake Michigan offers a variety of boating destinations to explore. St. Joseph Anchors Way Marina, Portage Point Resort, Beaver Island, Bay Harbor Lake Marina, Leland Township Harbor, Harbor Centre Marina, and Diversey Harbor Lagoon are just a few of the popular stops along the lake. Each destination provides unique attractions, amenities, and natural wonders to discover.

Crossing Lake Michigan by boat requires a thoughtful approach, a keen eye for safety, and an appreciation for the lake's beauty and power. With the right preparation and mindset, your boating experience on Lake Michigan will be memorable and enjoyable.

Frequently asked questions