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Badminton is a sport with a long history, and its rules have changed a lot over time. The sport was derived from a game called Poona played by British army officers in India in the 1860s. The Bath Badminton Club was established in 1877 and introduced new rules to the game. Since then, the rules have been standardised and changed multiple times, with significant steps being taken in 1893, 1934, 2005, 2006, and 2018. The Badminton World Federation (BWF) has made several changes to the rules to make the sport more exciting for spectators and to standardise the sport globally.
| Characteristics | Values |
|---|---|
| Date of rule change | 2005, 2006 |
| Organisation implementing changes | Badminton World Federation (BWF) |
| Reason for changes | To make badminton more exciting for spectators, to standardise rules |
| Number of games | Best of three games instead of five |
| Scoring system | Rally point system, both players can score a point during a rally |
| Scoring points | First side to 21 points wins, two-point advantage to win, if 29-29, first to 30 wins |
| On-court coaching | Reduced |
| Mandatory participation | Top 15 male and female shuttles to participate in at least 12 events per season |
| Shuttlecock rule | Must be held less than 1.15m above the court surface before serving |
| Service law | Shuttlecocks must be served with greater accuracy |
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What You'll Learn
Scoring system changes in 2005
The Badminton World Federation (BWF) has made several attempts to modify the scoring system in badminton to improve the commercial and broadcasting appeal of the sport.
In 2002, the BWF experimented with a scoring system that shortened games to seven points and decided matches by the best of five games. This system was abandoned as it did not reduce match times.
In December 2005, the BWF experimented again with the scoring system, intending to regulate playing time and simplify the system for television viewers. The main change was the adoption of a rally point scoring system, where either side could score at any time, as opposed to only the serving side being able to score. This change aimed to address the unpredictable and lengthy nature of matches under the previous scoring system.
In 2006, the BWF adopted this new rally scoring system for international competitions. This system, known as the 3 x 21 rally point system, allows either side to score a point on every serve. To win a match, a player must win two out of three games, with each game played to 21 points. A two-point advantage is required to win a game, unless the game reaches 30 points, in which case the first to 30 points wins.
The BWF has continued to propose changes to the scoring system, with recent proposals in 2018 to reduce on-court coaching and tweak the scoring system again. These proposals have been met with mixed reactions from players and coaches, with some expressing concern over the impact on the pace and dynamics of the sport.
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'Rally point' system in 2006
In 2006, the Badminton World Federation (BWF) changed the rules of badminton to a rally point system. This new system allows either side to score a point during a rally, regardless of who served. This change was made to regulate playing time and simplify the system for television viewers.
Under the new rules, a point is scored when the shuttlecock lands inside the opponent's court. If a returned shuttlecock hits the net or lands outside the court, the player loses the point. The rules do not allow second serves, and the shuttlecock must not bounce. The server and receiver stand in diagonally opposite service courts, and a legal serve must be hit diagonally over the net and across the court. The serve must be hit underarm and below the server's waist height, with the racquet shaft pointing downwards.
In competitive adult matches, all games are played to the best of three games, with each game played to 21 points. If the game is tied at 20-20, a player must win by two clear points. If the score reaches 29-29, the first player to score the 30th point wins.
The 2006 rule change had a significant impact on badminton, with match lengths increasing compared to the previous scoring system.
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Badminton Association of England (BAE) rules in 1893
The formation of the Badminton Association of England (BAE) in 1893 marked a significant step in standardising the rules and regulations of the sport. The first All England Open Badminton Championships, considered the world's first badminton tournament, were held in 1899. These developments laid the foundation for badminton's global expansion.
The game of badminton is derived directly from the game "Poona," which was played by British army officers stationed in India in the 1860s. The sport's name comes from Badminton House in Gloucestershire, England, where it was formally introduced and the first official rules were established in 1873.
The rules of badminton have evolved over time, and the modern game has been codified in England. While the BAE standardised the rules in 1893, the game has continued to evolve, and new rules have been introduced by governing bodies such as the Badminton World Federation (BWF).
The BWF is the internationally recognised governing body of badminton and is responsible for regulating tournaments and ensuring fair play. They organise several international competitions, including the Thomas Cup, the Uber Cup, and the Sudirman Cup. The BWF has introduced changes to the rules of badminton over the years, such as the ""rally scoring" system adopted in 2006, where either side can score at any time, and the mandatory participation rule, which came into effect in 2018, requiring the top-ranked players to participate in a certain number of events per season.
The standard badminton court is 44 feet (13.4 meters) long and 17 feet (5.2 meters) wide for singles matches, with an extended width of 20 feet (6.1 meters) for doubles matches. The net is 5 feet (1.5 meters) high and is placed at the centre of the court. Players use rackets to hit a shuttlecock, also known as a "birdie," back and forth over the net, aiming to land it within the boundaries of their opponent's court. Points are scored when the shuttlecock lands inside the court boundaries or when an opponent commits a fault. The first side to reach 21 points wins a game, and a match is typically played as the best of three games.
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Badminton World Federation (BWF) changes in 2018
The Badminton World Federation (BWF) is the international governing body for the sport of badminton. It was founded on July 5, 1934, as the International Badminton Federation. The BWF has regularly made changes to the rules and regulations of badminton to promote and develop the sport worldwide.
In 2018, the BWF implemented several changes to the sport, leaving some of the top players and coaches confused and concerned about the future of the game. One of the most notable changes was the introduction of a new rule related to players' serves, which was implemented on March 1, 2018, and applied to the All England Open in Birmingham from March 14-18, 2018. This rule change caused controversy, particularly among taller players, as it required players to contact the shuttlecock at a lower point, impacting their serving style.
Another significant change proposed by the BWF in 2018 was the reduction of on-court coaching. According to the existing rules at the time, on-court coaching was permitted during the 11-point lemon break and at the end of each game during a match. The BWF Council proposed reducing these instances of on-court coaching, which sparked criticism from players such as HS Prannoy, who emphasized the importance of coaching during the fast-paced sport.
Additionally, the BWF proposed a change to the scoring system, suggesting a shift from the best-of-three games format to a best-of-five format, with each game played to 11 points instead of 21. This proposal also received pushback, with concerns that it would favour less physically fit players and disrupt the dynamic of the sport.
The BWF also implemented a mandatory participation rule in 2018, requiring the top 15 male and female players to participate in at least 12 events per season or pay a fine. This rule change aimed to ensure the presence of top players at a minimum number of events, excluding that year's Commonwealth and Asian Games.
These rule changes by the BWF in 2018 sparked varied reactions, with some in the badminton community expressing confusion, criticism, and concern about the future of the sport and players' performance.
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Badminton court dimensions
The dimensions of a badminton court vary slightly depending on whether a singles or doubles game is being played. The court is rectangular and divided in half by a net. The length of the court remains the same for both game types, measuring 13.4 metres or 44 feet. For singles, the width is 5.18 metres or 17 feet, whereas for doubles, the width is extended to 6.1 metres or 20 feet. The net is 1.55 metres or 5 feet 1 inch high at the ends and 1.52 metres or 5 feet high where it dips in the middle. The service courts are split by a centre line and are set back from the net by a short service line of 1.98 metres or 6.5 feet. Doubles games also require a long service line that is placed 0.76 metres or 2.5 feet in from the back boundary.
The badminton court is usually laid on a wooden floor with synthetic mats used as the surface of the court. The courts are meant to provide a cushion and comfort to shuttlers who move across the playing surface. Clearances of 0.61 metres or 2 feet should be provided around the entire badminton court.
For younger players, the net may be lowered to 0.76 metres or 30 inches, and the length of the court reduced to 34 feet. The width remains the same for both adult and junior courts.
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Frequently asked questions
The rules of badminton were first standardised in 1893 by the Badminton Association of England (BAE).
The rules of badminton were changed in 2005 and 2006. The 2005 changes were standardised in December of that year. The 2006 changes introduced a rally point system, allowing both players to score a point during a rally, regardless of who served.
In 2018, the Badminton World Federation (BWF) proposed reducing on-court coaching and tweaking the scoring system. Another rule change that came into effect that year mandated that the top 15 male and female shuttles participate in at least 12 events per season or pay a fine.
