Kristian Ferrell
In badminton, a challenge refers to the act of players contesting a line call or an umpire's overrule of a line call. Players can challenge the decision if they believe it to be incorrect, and these challenges are reviewed using an instant review system, such as Hawk-Eye, which utilizes ultra-slow-motion cameras to provide replay footage for analysis. Each player or pair is typically allowed up to two challenges per match, and incorrect challenges result in the loss of a challenge, while successful challenges do not count against this limit.
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What You'll Learn
Players can challenge line calls or an umpire's overrule
In badminton, players can challenge line calls or an umpire's overrule. The Badminton World Federation (BWF) introduced an instant review system, allowing players two challenges per match. This system comprises ultra-slow-motion cameras down the court lines, sending images to a control position near the referee.
If a player or pair has an unsuccessful challenge, they lose one challenge. An unsuccessful challenge results in the umpire announcing the unchanged score and the number of challenges remaining. If a player or pair has two incorrect challenges, they will have no more challenges for the remainder of the match.
On the other hand, if a player or pair challenges successfully, they do not lose a challenge. In this case, the umpire will announce the corrected score. Players must challenge immediately after the decision and without consulting coaches. Typically, players raise one finger to indicate a challenge, and the umpire will raise their left arm to signal to the referee that a challenge has been made.
The HawkEye system, aided by a technician, will then decide to uphold or overturn the decision. Previously, an off-court umpire would review the footage and make the decision. The decision is then relayed to the umpire, and a corresponding video is shown to the audience.
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A maximum of two challenges per match
In badminton, a challenge refers to the act of players reviewing an umpire's or line judge's decision. Players can challenge a decision if they believe it to be incorrect, and the challenge is reviewed by the umpire with the help of instant replay technology. This review system, introduced by the Badminton World Federation (BWF), allows for a maximum of two challenges per match.
The instant review system comprises ultra-slow-motion cameras positioned along the court lines, capturing images that are sent to a control position near the referee. Upon a signal from the umpire, the operator displays the images, and the referee decides whether to uphold or overturn the original decision. It is important to note that this system is not a graphical prediction of whether the shuttle is in or out but rather provides detailed information for the referee to make an informed decision.
Each challenge must be made immediately after the shuttle has landed and before the commencement of the serve for the next rally. To initiate a challenge, a player or pair should clearly state "Challenge" to the umpire and simultaneously raise their hand or arm. If a challenge is unsuccessful, the player/pair loses one challenge, and their remaining challenges are announced by the umpire. However, if the challenge is successful, the player/pair does not lose a challenge.
The introduction of the instant review system aims to give players confidence in their ability to seek change in the face of questionable decisions by on-court officials. This system aligns badminton with other sports such as tennis, rugby, and cricket, which have already implemented similar review mechanisms.
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Instant review systems
The HawkEye Instant Review System (IRS) is used to aid instant reviews. It involves the use of ultra-slow-motion cameras down the court lines, capturing images that are sent to a control position near the referee. The operator then displays the images to the referee, who decides to either uphold or overturn the line judge or umpire's decision.
The Badminton World Federation (BWF) introduced an instant review system in 2021, allowing players two challenges per match. If a challenge is unsuccessful, the player loses one challenge. If a player makes two incorrect challenges, they will have no more challenges for the remainder of the match. However, if a player challenges successfully, they do not lose a challenge.
Challenges must be made immediately after the shuttle has landed and the call has been made by the line judge, and before the commencement of the serve. Players typically indicate a challenge by raising one finger, upon which the umpire will raise their left arm to signal to the referee that a challenge has been made.
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The HawkEye system
The Hawk-Eye system is a computer vision system that visually tracks the trajectory of a ball and displays a profile of its most likely path. It was first used in 2000 for television purposes in cricket and has since been implemented in more than 20 major sports, including badminton.
In badminton, the Hawk-Eye system was introduced in 2014 to aid officials in making calls and providing instant replays. The system uses several cameras positioned at various points around the court to capture footage of the shuttlecock from different angles. These cameras can be placed on the underside of the stadium roof. The footage is then triangulated to create a three-dimensional representation of the shuttlecock's trajectory and landing spot. This 3D image can be replayed from multiple angles, allowing officials to review disputed calls and make more accurate decisions.
The Hawk-Eye system in badminton has a margin of error of 3.6 mm, which is considered highly accurate. It provides valuable support to referees, line judges, and umpires, who are not infallible and can make mistakes. The system offers a second look at close calls, reducing confusion and dispute during matches.
The Badminton World Federation (BWF) has embraced the Hawk-Eye system for its IRS (Instant Review System) in tournaments, particularly at the highest level, due to its precision and accuracy. Players are typically allowed two challenges per match, where they can challenge line calls or an umpire's overrule of a line call. If a player's challenge is unsuccessful, they lose one challenge, and if they make two incorrect challenges, they will have no more challenges for the rest of the match. However, successful challenges do not count against a player's total.
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The challenge procedure
To initiate a challenge, players must do so immediately after the decision is made, without consulting their coaches. They typically indicate their challenge by raising one finger, upon which the umpire will raise their left arm to signal to the referee that a challenge has been made.
The instant review system will then be utilised, with the operator displaying the images to the referee, who will decide to either uphold or overturn the line judge's or umpire's decision. If the challenge is unsuccessful, the umpire will announce the unchanged score and the number of remaining challenges. Conversely, if the challenge is successful, the umpire will announce the corrected score.
It is important to note that players are limited to two unsuccessful challenges per game, after which they will have no more challenges for the remainder of the match. However, if a player's challenge is successful, they do not lose a challenge.
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Frequently asked questions
In badminton, a challenge refers to the act of a player or pair disputing a line call or an umpire's overrule of a line call.
Players are allowed up to two challenges per match. If a challenge is unsuccessful, the player/pair loses one challenge. If a player/pair has two incorrect challenges, they will have no more challenges for the rest of the match.
To indicate a challenge, players will usually raise one finger. The umpire will then raise their left arm to signal to the referee that a challenge has been made.
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