
After completing the rigorous challenges of Navy boot camp, recruits transition into the next phase of their naval careers, known as A School, where they receive specialized training in their chosen rating or job field. This phase is crucial as it equips sailors with the technical skills and knowledge necessary to perform their duties effectively aboard ships, submarines, or at shore installations. Depending on their rating, sailors may attend training at various locations across the country, with programs ranging from a few weeks to several months. Following A School, many sailors proceed to their first duty station, where they apply their training in real-world scenarios, gaining hands-on experience and further developing their skills under the guidance of seasoned professionals. This progression marks the beginning of their active service in the Navy, where they contribute to missions, build camaraderie, and continue their personal and professional growth.
| Characteristics | Values |
|---|---|
| Name | "A" School (Apprentice Technical Training) |
| Purpose | To train sailors in their specific Navy rating (job) |
| Location | Various Navy training centers across the United States |
| Duration | Varies by rating, typically 8-24 weeks |
| Focus | Hands-on training in the skills and knowledge required for the sailor's assigned rating |
| Examples of Ratings | Culinary Specialist, Machinist's Mate, Hospital Corpsman, Information Systems Technician, etc. |
| Living Arrangements | Similar to boot camp, with barracks-style housing and a structured daily schedule |
| Uniform | Sailors wear their assigned service uniform during training |
| Graduation | Upon successful completion, sailors receive their rating badge and are assigned to their first duty station |
| Next Step | Report to their assigned ship, submarine, or shore command for their first operational assignment |
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What You'll Learn
- Advanced Training: Specialized courses for specific Navy roles, such as aviation, submarines, or surface warfare
- School of the Ship: On-the-job training aboard a ship to learn daily duties and responsibilities
- Class A School: Technical training for enlisted sailors in fields like engineering, medical, or IT
- Power School: Nuclear training for those selected for nuclear propulsion programs
- First Duty Station: Assignment to a ship, submarine, or shore command to begin active service

Advanced Training: Specialized courses for specific Navy roles, such as aviation, submarines, or surface warfare
After completing the rigorous challenges of Navy boot camp, recruits transition to advanced training, where they specialize in specific roles critical to the Navy’s mission. This phase is tailored to individual career paths, ensuring sailors gain the technical skills and knowledge required for their assigned duties. Advanced training is a cornerstone of the Navy’s operational effectiveness, preparing sailors for roles in aviation, submarines, surface warfare, and more. Each program is designed to build on the foundational skills acquired during boot camp, fostering expertise in highly specialized areas.
For those pursuing aviation roles, advanced training includes programs like Aviation Preflight Indoctrination (API) and specialized schools for aviation ratings. API prepares sailors for flight training or support roles by focusing on aerodynamics, navigation, and aircraft systems. Sailors may also attend schools for specific aviation ratings, such as Aviation Ordnanceman (AO) or Aviation Machinist’s Mate (AD), where they learn to maintain aircraft, handle ordnance, or operate critical systems. Those selected for flight training proceed to programs like Naval Aviator or Naval Flight Officer training, which include ground school, flight simulators, and actual flight hours.
Sailors entering the submarine community undergo rigorous training at the Submarine Learning Center in Groton, Connecticut. This includes Nuclear Power School for those in the nuclear propulsion field, followed by Prototype training, where they work on operational reactor simulators. Non-nuclear submarine roles, such as Sonar Technician (ST) or Yeoman Submarine (YNS), have their own specialized courses. Submarine candidates must also complete Submarine School (SUB School), where they learn submarine systems, escape procedures, and the unique challenges of undersea warfare. Successful completion of these programs is required before sailors report to their first submarine assignment.
In surface warfare, advanced training focuses on roles aboard ships and in littoral combat. Sailors attend "A" School for their specific rating, such as Gunner’s Mate (GM), Quartermaster (QM), or Gas Turbine Systems Technician (GS). These courses provide hands-on training in weapons systems, navigation, engineering, or damage control. Following "A" School, some sailors may proceed to "C" School for further specialization, such as Vertical Launching System (VLS) maintenance or Combat Systems training. Surface warfare officers attend the Surface Warfare Officer School (SWOS), where they learn shipboard leadership, tactical decision-making, and the integration of combat systems.
Regardless of the specialty, advanced training emphasizes teamwork, problem-solving, and adaptability—core traits essential for success in the Navy. These programs not only equip sailors with technical skills but also instill a deeper understanding of their role within the broader naval mission. Advanced training is a critical step in transforming recruits into highly skilled professionals ready to serve in the demanding environments of aviation, submarines, surface warfare, and beyond.
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School of the Ship: On-the-job training aboard a ship to learn daily duties and responsibilities
After completing boot camp, Navy recruits transition to the next phase of their training, which often includes specialized schooling or on-the-job training. One critical component of this phase is the School of the Ship, a program designed to immerse sailors in the daily duties and responsibilities of life aboard a naval vessel. This hands-on training is essential for preparing sailors to perform their roles effectively in a real-world maritime environment. During this period, sailors are assigned to a ship where they learn the intricacies of their assigned division, whether it’s engineering, deck operations, communications, or another department. The focus is on practical application, ensuring that sailors understand not only the theory behind their tasks but also how to execute them under the unique conditions of shipboard life.
The School of the Ship begins with an orientation to the vessel, where sailors familiarize themselves with the ship’s layout, safety protocols, and emergency procedures. This initial phase is crucial, as it lays the foundation for their ability to navigate and operate within the confined and often complex spaces of a ship. Sailors are introduced to their chain of command and learn the importance of teamwork and communication in maintaining the ship’s operational readiness. Daily duties are assigned based on the sailor’s rating (job specialty), and they are mentored by experienced sailors and petty officers who provide guidance and feedback as they learn the ropes.
On-the-job training in the School of the Ship is structured yet dynamic, reflecting the ever-changing demands of naval operations. Sailors participate in drills, maintenance routines, and watch-standing duties, gaining firsthand experience in their roles. For example, a sailor in the engineering department might learn how to perform equipment inspections, troubleshoot mechanical issues, or assist in casualty control drills. Those in deck operations could be trained in line handling, small boat operations, or navigation watch duties. The goal is to build competency and confidence in a way that classroom instruction alone cannot achieve.
A key aspect of the School of the Ship is the emphasis on adaptability and problem-solving. Sailors must learn to perform their duties in a variety of conditions, from routine operations in port to high-stress situations at sea. This training often includes scenarios that simulate real-world challenges, such as damage control, firefighting, or responding to medical emergencies. By experiencing these situations in a controlled environment, sailors develop the skills and mindset needed to handle actual crises effectively. The program also fosters a sense of accountability, as sailors quickly understand how their individual actions contribute to the overall mission and safety of the ship.
Throughout the School of the Ship, sailors are evaluated on their performance, with progress tracked through qualifications and certifications. These milestones not only validate their skills but also open doors to advanced training and increased responsibilities. The program typically lasts several weeks to months, depending on the sailor’s rating and the ship’s operational schedule. By the end of this training, sailors are expected to be fully integrated into their divisions, capable of performing their duties independently and contributing to the ship’s mission. The School of the Ship is a transformative experience, bridging the gap between the foundational training of boot camp and the demanding realities of naval service.
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Class A School: Technical training for enlisted sailors in fields like engineering, medical, or IT
After completing the rigorous challenges of Navy boot camp, enlisted sailors move on to the next critical phase of their naval careers: Class A School. This stage is where sailors receive specialized technical training in their chosen or assigned fields, such as engineering, medical, or information technology (IT). Class A School is designed to equip sailors with the skills and knowledge necessary to perform their specific roles effectively within the Navy. The duration of this training varies depending on the rating (job specialty), ranging from a few weeks to several months. This phase is crucial, as it transforms raw recruits into skilled professionals ready to contribute to the Navy’s mission.
Class A School is highly structured and tailored to the demands of each technical field. For example, sailors pursuing engineering roles might learn about shipboard systems, machinery repair, and maintenance procedures. Those in the medical field could receive training in emergency care, patient assessment, or specialized medical procedures. IT-focused sailors would delve into cybersecurity, network administration, and software development. The curriculum combines classroom instruction, hands-on labs, and practical exercises to ensure sailors gain both theoretical knowledge and real-world experience. Instructors are often experienced Navy personnel or civilian experts who provide mentorship and guidance throughout the training.
The location of Class A School varies based on the rating, with training conducted at specialized facilities across the United States. For instance, sailors training in engineering might attend the Center for Surface Combat Systems in Virginia, while medical corpsmen could be sent to the Hospital Corpsman School in San Antonio, Texas. IT specialists might train at the Center for Information Warfare Training in Florida. Each school is equipped with state-of-the-art resources and simulators to replicate the environments sailors will encounter in their roles, ensuring they are fully prepared for their assignments.
During Class A School, sailors are expected to maintain the discipline and professionalism instilled in boot camp. Attendance, punctuality, and adherence to Navy standards are strictly enforced. Additionally, sailors are evaluated through written exams, practical demonstrations, and performance assessments to ensure they meet the required competency levels. Successful completion of Class A School is mandatory for advancement in the Navy, as it certifies sailors as qualified to perform their assigned duties.
Beyond technical skills, Class A School also emphasizes teamwork, problem-solving, and adaptability—qualities essential for success in the Navy. Sailors often work in groups to tackle complex scenarios, fostering collaboration and leadership skills. This phase also introduces sailors to the Navy’s core values of honor, courage, and commitment, reinforcing their role as part of a larger team dedicated to national defense. By the end of Class A School, sailors emerge not only as experts in their fields but also as well-rounded professionals ready to serve in diverse naval environments.
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Power School: Nuclear training for those selected for nuclear propulsion programs
After completing Boot Camp, sailors selected for nuclear propulsion programs in the U.S. Navy advance to Power School, an intensive and highly specialized training program. Located in Charleston, South Carolina, Power School is the first phase of nuclear training and serves as the foundation for understanding the principles of nuclear power and propulsion. This 26-week program is designed to transform sailors into nuclear operators, equipping them with the knowledge and skills required to work on nuclear-powered vessels, such as submarines and aircraft carriers. The curriculum is rigorous, combining classroom instruction, hands-on training, and practical application to ensure a deep understanding of nuclear science, engineering, and reactor operations.
The training at Power School is divided into two primary components: academic instruction and laboratory work. Academically, sailors study subjects like nuclear physics, reactor theory, thermodynamics, and radiation safety. The coursework is demanding, requiring a strong aptitude for math and science. Sailors are expected to master complex concepts quickly, as the program moves at a rapid pace. Instructors, often experienced nuclear-trained sailors or civilians with advanced degrees, provide guidance and support, but the onus is on the individual to keep up with the material. Regular exams and quizzes ensure that sailors are retaining the information and meeting the high standards of the program.
Laboratory work at Power School is equally critical, as it provides hands-on experience with nuclear reactor components and systems. Sailors train on scaled-down reactor prototypes, known as "trainers," which simulate the operation of actual shipboard reactors. This practical training allows them to apply theoretical knowledge in a controlled environment, learning how to monitor, maintain, and troubleshoot nuclear systems. Safety is a paramount concern, and sailors are drilled in emergency procedures and radiation protection protocols to ensure they can operate safely in a nuclear environment.
Beyond the technical aspects, Power School also emphasizes discipline, teamwork, and leadership—core values of the Navy. Sailors live in barracks and adhere to a strict daily schedule, mirroring the structured environment of life at sea. Physical fitness remains a priority, with regular exercise and drills to maintain readiness. The program fosters a sense of camaraderie among participants, as they work together to overcome challenges and achieve their shared goal of becoming nuclear-trained sailors.
Successful completion of Power School is a significant milestone, but it is only the first step in the Navy's nuclear training pipeline. Graduates proceed to Prototype Training, where they receive further specialized instruction on the specific reactor plants used in their assigned ships or submarines. Power School’s reputation for excellence ensures that its graduates are well-prepared for the next phase of their training and their future roles in the Navy's nuclear propulsion programs. For those who excel, it opens doors to advanced positions and opportunities within the fleet, solidifying their place as part of an elite group of sailors who power the Navy's most advanced vessels.
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First Duty Station: Assignment to a ship, submarine, or shore command to begin active service
After completing Navy boot camp, often referred to as Recruit Training, the next significant step in a sailor’s career is receiving their First Duty Station assignment. This marks the transition from training to active service, where sailors are assigned to a specific unit to apply their skills and contribute to the Navy’s mission. The First Duty Station can be one of three primary types: a ship, a submarine, or a shore command. Each assignment is tailored to the sailor’s rating (job specialty) and the needs of the Navy. This phase is critical, as it sets the foundation for a sailor’s professional development and operational experience.
Assignment to a Ship is one of the most common First Duty Stations, especially for sailors in ratings related to seamanship, engineering, or combat systems. Upon arrival, sailors will undergo additional training specific to their ship, known as Shipboard Indoctrination, which covers safety protocols, damage control, and ship-specific operations. Life on a ship is demanding, with sailors often working long hours in close quarters, but it offers unparalleled opportunities to travel the world and participate in critical missions. Sailors assigned to ships must quickly adapt to the unique challenges of life at sea, including limited personal space and the need for constant readiness.
Submarine assignments are highly specialized and typically reserved for sailors who have completed additional training, such as Submarine School (SUB School). Serving on a submarine requires exceptional discipline, technical proficiency, and the ability to operate in a confined, high-pressure environment. Sailors assigned to submarines often work in roles related to propulsion, weapons systems, or navigation. The submarine community is tight-knit, and sailors must be prepared for extended periods of isolation and the unique demands of undersea warfare. This assignment is both challenging and rewarding, offering a distinct sense of pride and accomplishment.
For those assigned to a Shore Command, the experience is vastly different from ship or submarine duty. Shore commands include bases, stations, and support facilities located on land, both domestically and overseas. Sailors in shore assignments often work in administrative, technical, or support roles, contributing to the Navy’s operational readiness from a land-based perspective. While shore duty may offer a more stable lifestyle compared to sea duty, it still requires dedication and professionalism. Sailors in these roles play a crucial part in maintaining the infrastructure and logistics that support the fleet.
Regardless of the assignment, the First Duty Station is a period of significant growth and learning. Sailors are expected to demonstrate adaptability, resilience, and a commitment to excellence. It is during this phase that sailors begin to build their reputation within the Navy, establish themselves as competent professionals, and lay the groundwork for future advancement. The First Duty Station is not just a job assignment; it is the beginning of a sailor’s active service and a critical step in their naval career.
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Frequently asked questions
After boot camp, recruits proceed to "A School," which is job-specific training for their chosen Navy rating (occupation).
The length of "A School" varies depending on the rating, ranging from a few weeks to several months.
No, sailors are assigned to different training locations based on their rating and the specific skills they need to learn.
Typically, sailors do not receive leave immediately after boot camp. They usually proceed directly to "A School" or other assigned training.











































