Helena Frye
Badminton is a fast-paced racket sport that can be played either as singles or doubles. The aim of the game is to hit a shuttlecock, or shuttle, over a net and into the opponent's court. The rules of badminton are regulated by the Badminton World Federation (BWF) and have changed over the years. For example, in 2006, the scoring system changed to a rally point system, allowing both players to score a point during a rally, regardless of who served. In this paragraph, we will explore the regulations of badminton and how they govern the equipment and gameplay.
| Characteristics | Values |
|---|---|
| Scoring System | The first side to 21 points wins a game. A point is scored on every serve and awarded to the side that wins the rally. If the score is 20-20, the game continues until a side wins by two clear points. If the score reaches 29-29, the first side to reach 30 points wins. All singles and doubles matches are the best of three games. |
| Court Dimensions | 20 x 44 feet rectangular court. |
| Net | Made of a fine cord of dark colour with a mesh thickness between 15 mm and 20 mm. The net should be 760 mm in depth and at least 6.1 metres wide. |
| Posts | 1.55 metres in height and placed on the doubles side lines. |
| Equipment | The shuttlecock or birdie is cone-shaped and made of feathers or synthetic material attached to a cork or rubber base. It is between 62-70mm long and weighs between 4.74 and 5.5g. |
| Service | Served diagonally across the courts. The server and receiver must stand at diagonally opposite sides without touching the boundary lines. The serve must be made below the waist. |
| Faults | A fault occurs if the shuttlecock hits any other object or person outside the court, is caught and held on the racket, is hit twice in succession by the same player, is hit by partners successively, or touches a player's racket and doesn't travel to the opponent's court. Touching the net with your body or racket results in a fault. |
| Governing Body | The Badminton World Federation (BWF) provides the official rules and regulations. |
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What You'll Learn
Scoring points
Badminton matches are the best of three games. To win a game, a player or team must be the first to score 21 points. Points are awarded to whichever side wins the rally, with a point being scored on every serve. If the game reaches 20-20, players or teams must gain a two-point lead to win, and if the game goes to 29-29, the first side to reach 30 points wins. The winning side always gets the next serve.
In singles, the server and receiver must stand on their respective right and left service courts when the server has an even number of points. When the server has an odd number of points, they change sides. The server must always serve diagonally into their opponent's service box. In doubles, the server and receiver stand on the right service court when their side has an even number of points, and on the left when their side has an odd number of points.
The shuttlecock, also known as the birdie, must be hit below waist height. A point is scored if the shuttlecock hits the ground inside the boundaries of the opponent's half of the court, including the lines. A point is conceded if the shuttlecock hits any object or person outside the court, or if it hits the net or passes through or under it. A player may not strike the shuttlecock twice in succession with their racket, nor may they touch the net with their body or racket. Players must also wait for the shuttlecock to cross the net before playing a shot.
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Court dimensions
The badminton court is rectangular and measures 20 by 44 feet. The net that separates the two courts is 1.55 metres high and is made of a fine dark-coloured cord with a mesh size between 15 and 20mm. The net should be 760mm in depth and at least 6.1 metres wide. The top of the net is edged with a 75mm white tape, doubled over a cord or cable that runs through it. This tape should rest on the cord or cable, which should be stretched firmly, flush with the top of the posts. The posts should be placed on the doubles side lines, regardless of whether singles or doubles is being played. The posts or their supports should not extend into the court beyond the side lines.
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Equipment specifications
The equipment used in badminton consists of a racquet and shuttlecock, also known as a birdie, as well as a court and net. Here are the specifications for each of these pieces of equipment:
Racquet
The racquet shall be free of any attached objects or protrusions, except those used solely to limit wear and tear, prevent vibration, distribute weight, or secure the handle to the player's hand. These attachments must be reasonable in size and placement. The racquet must also be free of any device that allows the player to change the shape of the racquet materially.
Shuttlecock (Birdie)
The shuttlecock is badminton's unique "ball". It is cone-shaped and made of feathers or synthetic material attached to a cork or rubber base. The shuttlecock is composed of 16 feathers and is between 62-70mm long, weighing between 4.74 and 5.5g. The feathers should form a circle with a diameter of 58-62mm at the tip, and the base should be 25-28mm in diameter and rounded. Its shape ensures that it always flies cork-first once struck until it is hit again.
Net
The net shall be made of a fine cord of dark colour with even thickness and a mesh of not less than 15mm and not more than 20mm. It should be 760mm in depth and at least 6.1 metres wide. The top of the net is edged with 75mm white tape doubled over a cord or cable that runs through it. This tape should rest upon the cord or cable, which is stretched firmly, flush with the top of the posts. The posts should be 1.55 metres in height and remain vertical when the net is strained. They are placed on the doubles side lines, and their supports should not extend into the court beyond the side lines.
Court
The badminton court is a 20 x 44 feet rectangle.
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Serving rules
Serving plays a crucial role in the fast-paced sport of badminton, and there are several rules that govern this aspect of the game. Here is a detailed breakdown of the serving rules in badminton:
Positioning and Movement
During the serve, the server and receiver must stand on diagonally opposite sides of the court, ensuring they do not touch the boundary lines. The server starts from the right service court when they have an even number of points or zero points, and from the left service court when they have an odd number of points. In singles, the server will always serve from the right service court when they have an even number of points. Both players must remain stationary until the serve is initiated. The first forward movement of the server's racket marks the start of the service. The server should wait for the receiver to be ready before serving, but if the receiver attempts a return, they are considered ready.
Contact with the Shuttlecock
The racquet should make contact with the shuttlecock, also known as the birdie, below the server's waist. The shuttlecock is a cone-shaped projectile made of feathers or synthetic material attached to a cork or rubber base. It should be hit below waist height to ensure a proper serve.
Direction of the Serve
The serve should be delivered diagonally across the courts, landing in the opponent's service box. This ensures a fair playing field and adheres to the dimensions and boundaries of the court.
Scoring
A point is scored on every serve and is awarded to the side that wins the rally. The winning side then gains the next serve. In the event of a 20-20 score, the game continues until one side achieves a two-point lead, winning at 22-20, 23-21, or subsequent two-point intervals. If the score reaches 29-29, the first side to score the 30th point wins the game.
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Faults and penalties
Contact faults occur when the shuttlecock comes into contact with any object or person other than the player's racket. This includes touching the player's shoes, shin, t-shirt, or any other part of their body or clothing. To avoid contact faults, players should stay flexible and light on their feet, making sure to warm up and stretch before playing.
Double-hit faults occur when a player hits the shuttlecock twice in succession with their racket during a single stroke or when the shuttlecock is hit by the player and their partner successively. However, it is not a fault if the shuttlecock hits the head and the stringed area of the racket in one stroke.
Service faults can occur in several ways. Firstly, the service must be executed below the waist with the racket head pointing downwards. A service fault occurs if the player's body or racket comes into contact with the net, or if the service is executed with an upward motion. Additionally, during the service, the player's feet must be on the floor and inside the court's boundary line. A service fault is also counted when a player is positioned on the left side of the court and fails to serve the shuttle to the right side.
Service-receiving faults are similar to service faults and occur when there is any movement by the receiver, no matter how slight. This includes shifting feet or making gestures, as well as any form of distraction, such as trash-talking.
Net faults are committed when a player fails to clear the net or if the shuttlecock passes under or through it. Players should wait until the shuttlecock has crossed to the other side of the court before hitting it.
Behavioural faults are also outlined in the rules of badminton, which govern player conduct and sportsmanship. This includes using offensive language or gestures, displaying unsportsmanlike behaviour, such as arguing with the referee, and intentionally distracting the opponent. Unnecessarily delaying the game or using stalling tactics to gain an advantage is also considered a behavioural fault.
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Frequently asked questions
Badminton is a high-speed indoor racket sport that can be played in singles or doubles. In singles, there are two players competing against each other, and in doubles, two pairs of players form teams and compete against each other. All matches are the best of three games, and the first side to 21 points wins. A point is scored on every serve and awarded to whichever side wins the rally. The winning side gets the next serve.
The shuttlecock, also known as the birdie, is cone-shaped and made of feathers or synthetic material attached to a cork or rubber base. It is between 62-70mm long and weighs between 4.74 and 5.5g. The tip of the feathers should create a circle with a diameter of 58-62mm, with the base 25-28mm in diameter.
The badminton court is a 20 x 44 feet rectangle. The net should be made of a fine cord of dark colour with a mesh of not less than 15 mm and not more than 20 mm. The net should be 760 mm in depth and at least 6.1 metres wide. The posts should be 1.55 metres high and placed on the doubles side lines.
