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Badminton is a racket sport that requires good hand-eye coordination to return passes and perform basic moves. It is important to learn the correct badminton strokes to improve your game and execute quality shots. Badminton strokes refer to the swinging motion performed before taking a shot. There are four basic strokes in badminton: the under-chest forehand stroke, over-chest forehand stroke, under-chest backhand stroke, and over-chest backhand stroke. The forehand stroke is the easiest and simplest to perform. The backhand stroke is considered more advanced, with shots like the backhand clear, backhand smash, and backhand drop. Other types of shots in badminton include the clear shot, drop shot, drive shot, smash, net kill, and net lift.
| Characteristics | Values |
|---|---|
| Number of Basic Strokes | 4 |
| Basic Strokes | Under-chest forehand stroke, Over-chest forehand stroke, Under-chest backhand stroke, Over-chest backhand stroke |
| Advanced Strokes | Backhand clear, backhand smash, spinning net shot, reverse forehand slice straight drop, reverse backhand slice straight drop, jumping backhand smash |
| Basic Shots | Standing smash, defensive clear shot, drive shot |
| Defensive Shots | Clear shot, net lift, drive |
| Offensive Shots | Drop, smash |
| Other Shots | Dummy drop shot, spinning shots, lifts, net kills |
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What You'll Learn
Offensive and defensive strokes
Mastering the different types of offensive and defensive strokes in badminton is essential to becoming a formidable player. A badminton stroke is the swinging motion performed before taking a shot, and performing the correct stroke is crucial to executing a quality shot.
Defensive Strokes
The defensive clear shot, also known as lobbing, is one of the easiest badminton techniques and is considered the most important stroke, especially in singles games. It involves making contact with the shuttlecock around the middle of the racket head and aiming to send it high into the air and deep into the opponent's backcourt. This stroke is used when a player needs time to get back to the base or does not have a clear opportunity to win the point.
The drive shot is another basic defensive stroke. It is a powerful, quick counter-attacking shot that is easy to execute and can be played on the forehand or backhand. The shuttlecock travels parallel to the ground, just over the net, and close to the opponent's body.
The lift is another defensive stroke played from the front of the court, very close to the net. It involves lifting the shuttlecock high before it lands deep in the opponent's backcourt, pushing them towards the backcourt.
Offensive Strokes
The offensive clear shot is a type of clear shot that is flatter than the defensive clear. It aims to confuse the opponent, especially when they are expecting a different shot.
The drop shot is an offensive stroke used when the opponent is near the backcourt, anticipating a clear or drive shot. It involves using minimal force to gently push the shuttlecock over the net. For more advanced players, the shuttlecock can be sliced so it bounces over the net, forcing the opponent to dash forward.
The smash is considered the most powerful offensive shot in badminton and is usually played on the forehand. It is often used as a counter-attack when the opponent has played a weak net shot or lift.
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Forehand and backhand strokes
The forehand and backhand strokes are among the most fundamental strokes in badminton. A stroke is the swinging motion performed before taking a shot, and it is distinct from a shot itself. The power of any badminton shot is directly related to how well one performs their stroke. Therefore, it is important to master the basic strokes before attempting more advanced shots.
The forehand stroke is the most common stroke in badminton and the first one should learn. To perform the forehand stroke, use a forehand grip and turn sideways with your non-racket foot forward. Then, draw the racket back high and early behind your shoulder and contact the birdie or shuttlecock at the highest point above your shoulder, using the non-racket arm for counterbalance. Finally, rotate your shoulders and hips while following through to the opposite side of your body.
The backhand stroke is more difficult for many players. The backhand clear, for example, is considered a basic stroke by some and an advanced stroke by others. The backhand clear is used to get a player out of trouble when they are not in a position to play a forehand stroke. To perform the backhand clear, contact the shuttlecock around the middle of your racket head. The aim is to hit the shuttlecock high in the air and land it in your opponent's backcourt, forcing your opponent as far back as possible.
Both the forehand and backhand strokes can be used to perform a variety of shots, including the clear, drop, and smash. The clear shot, in particular, is one of the most common strokes used in badminton to hit the shuttlecock high and deep, preferably all the way to the end line. It can be used as both an offensive and defensive shot. The drop shot is another strategic shot where you want to make it look like a drive but use only a little force to push the shuttlecock over the net. The smash is considered the most powerful shot in badminton and is usually played on the forehand.
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Clear strokes
The clear stroke is one of the most common and easiest badminton techniques, and beginners should aim to master it. The aim of the clear stroke is to hit the shuttlecock high and deep, preferably to the end line, and land it in your opponent's backcourt. This stroke can be used to play longer rallies against your opponents and buy yourself some time to return to the centre of the court.
To execute the clear stroke, you must contact the shuttlecock in the middle of your racket head. The clear stroke can be played on the forehand or backhand. The forehand clear is used to force your opponent to the rear court and can be used both offensively and defensively. To perform the forehand clear, use a forehand grip and turn sideways with your non-racket foot forward. Draw the racket back high and early behind your shoulder and contact the shuttlecock at the highest point above your shoulder, using your non-racket arm for counterbalance. Rotate your shoulders and hips while following through to the opposite side of your body.
The backhand clear is considered a more advanced stroke and is used when a player is not in a position to play a forehand shot. The purpose, however, remains the same: to force your opponent as far back as possible. Performing the backhand clear correctly can be challenging, and it is important to master the correct backhand stroke technique from the beginning.
The clear stroke is a fundamental stroke in badminton and, once mastered, can be used to produce a variety of shots, including the drop shot and the smash.
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Drop strokes
The drop stroke is best used when the opponent is near the backcourt, anticipating a clear or drive stroke. It can also be used in mid-court by slicing the shuttlecock so that it bounces over the net. This will force the opponent to dash forward.
The drop stroke is a great way to mix up the pace of the game and keep the opponent guessing. It is a basic stroke that beginners can master to improve their game. However, it is important to disguise the drop stroke so that it is not easily predictable by the opponent.
The success of the drop stroke also depends on the strength of the player's other strokes. For example, if an opponent knows that a player does not have a strong backhand clear, they will anticipate a drop shot and move their base position forward. Therefore, it is important to master a variety of strokes and not fall into predictable patterns to keep the opponent guessing.
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Smash strokes
The badminton smash is considered the most powerful shot in badminton and is usually played on the forehand. It is one of the core shots that players should master. The smash stroke is a powerful overhead stroke that aims to hit the shuttlecock downwards, towards the floor of your opponent's court. The aim is to make it difficult or impossible for your opponent to return the shot.
The smash stroke is an offensive shot and is considered an advanced stroke. It is a more powerful variation of the clear shot, which is a basic stroke. The clear shot is executed by contacting the shuttlecock in the middle of your racket head and hitting it high in the air to land in your opponent's backcourt. The smash stroke, on the other hand, is a faster, more aggressive shot with a sharper downward angle.
To execute a smash stroke, you need to generate power and speed with your racket arm. The stroke involves a swinging motion, and the power comes from how well you perform this motion. The wrist plays an important role in generating force, and the deflection of the shaft due to elastic deformation also contributes to the power of the stroke. The design of the badminton racket is also important, especially the deflection of the shaft. Choosing a racket that suits your stroke pattern can help you achieve better energy restitution during impact.
The smash stroke can be further varied with different types of smashes, such as the backhand smash, which is considered a more advanced shot. Another variation is the jumping smash, which is considered one of the most difficult shots in badminton. The jumping smash involves jumping to perform the smash stroke, adding more power and aggression to the shot.
The effectiveness of the smash stroke is influenced by the player's skill level and physical condition. Studies have shown that shuttlecock velocity during a smash stroke increases with the player's skill level. Additionally, muscle fatigue has been found to impair performance, leading to a decrease in speed and accuracy.
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Frequently asked questions
The four basic badminton strokes are the under-chest forehand stroke, over-chest forehand stroke, under-chest backhand stroke, and over-chest backhand stroke.
Advanced badminton strokes include the backhand clear, spinning net shots, jump smash, backhand smash, and dummy drop shot.
Offensive badminton strokes include the drop shot, which is an attacking shot that loops close to the net. Defensive badminton strokes include the clear shot, which is aimed towards the back of the opposite court.
