Installing A Boat Steering Wheel: A Step-By-Step Guide

A boat's steering wheel is part of the helm, which connects to a mechanical, electric, or hydraulic system to assist in turning the boat. While some modern ships have replaced the wheel with a toggle, most boats still use a steering wheel. This is connected to a hydraulic steering system that can move the boat's rudder. The rudder is a large, flat surface at the rear of a ship that redirects the water flow from the propellers, causing the ship to change direction. To put a steering wheel on a boat, the process is fairly simple. First, remove the centre cap, the nut underneath, and the washer behind it, then pull the wheel straight up. After removing these parts, put the nut back on the helm so that it sticks out just above the threads to protect it. Place one leg behind the steering wheel, use your arm to apply pressure to the other side, and hit the nut with a hammer. This should cause the wheel to pop off without damaging the helm. It's important to select a high-quality replacement wheel that will make your boat look great and provide years of use.

Removing the old steering wheel

The first step in replacing your boat's steering wheel is to remove the old one. This process is fairly simple and can be done without specialised tools, although some people find that using a gear puller makes it easier.

First, remove the centre cap, the nut underneath, and the washer behind it. You can then pull the wheel straight up and off the console. If the wheel is corroded, it may be more difficult to remove. In this case, spray some marine-grade corrosion inhibitor between the wheel and the wheel stud and allow it to sit overnight before attempting to remove it again.

Once the wheel is removed, put the nut back on the helm, ensuring it sticks out just above the threads to protect it. Place one leg behind the steering wheel and use your arm to apply pressure to the other side before hitting the nut with a hammer. This will cause the wheel to pop off without damaging the helm.

Choosing a new steering wheel

The first thing to consider is the size of the steering wheel. The vast majority of recreational powerboats use one of two basic sizes: 13-1/2" or 15-1/2". There is some variation, with smaller wheels measuring 13" and larger wheels measuring 15" or 15-1/4", but most boats will be compatible with one of the two standard sizes. Aesthetics are a factor here, as a small wheel can look out of place on a big boat and vice versa. However, the most important consideration is functionality. Smaller wheels are faster to turn but require more steering effort, whereas larger wheels are easier to turn. If you have cable steering, this is particularly important, as a larger wheel will be noticeably easier to turn. Finally, consider the space available in your helm area. A smaller wheel will give you more room for other components like drink holders, electronics displays, and controls.

The next thing to consider is the style of the steering wheel. The most common styles are three-spoke stainless, five-spoke (or "destroyer"), bluewater, belloca, and three-spoke polyurethane. Three-spoke stainless steel wheels are among the most popular with saltwater boaters and are available in both standard sizes, with or without an integrated assist knob. Five-spoke destroyer-type wheels are typically made from stamped Grade 304 stainless steel, making them less expensive than cast 316 stainless steel wheels. Bluewater and belloca wheels are premium options that are significantly more costly. They are often installed as original equipment on large center console boats. Three-spoke polyurethane steering wheels are usually found on freshwater boats like wake boats, ski boats, bass boats, and pontoon boats. They tend to look and feel good but won't stand up to sun, moisture, and salt as well as stainless steel wheels.

Another factor to consider is whether you need an assist knob. Assist knobs (also called "suicide knobs" or "power knobs") make it easier to turn the wheel quickly, which can be very helpful in docking and tight-quarters situations. However, they can also be a disadvantage for novice boaters, as they make it easier to turn the wheel too fast. They can also create clearance problems, especially on boats designed to be driven standing up, as they can hit the driver in the thighs or "below the belt" in rough seas.

Finally, consider your budget. Boat steering wheels can range in price from a few hundred dollars to over $1,000 for high-end carbon fiber or stainless steel options. Remember that a good quality stainless steel wheel from a reputable company will likely outlast your boat and provide better performance and longevity than a cheaper option.

Cleaning the wheel shaft

To clean the wheel shaft of your boat, you'll need to start by removing the steering wheel itself. This process can vary slightly depending on the make and model of your boat, but the basic steps are as follows:

First, remove the centre cap from the wheel. This can usually be done by hand or with a flat-head screwdriver. Next, locate and remove the retaining nut and washer, which are typically secured with a 3/4" socket and ratchet. If you encounter any corrosion, apply a marine-grade corrosion inhibitor and let it sit overnight before attempting to remove the nut and washer. With these components removed, you should now be able to lift the steering wheel off the shaft. If there is significant corrosion, you may need to use a puller or carefully apply additional force.

Now it's time to clean and prepare the wheel shaft for the new wheel. Start by wiping down the shaft with a soft cloth dampened with a corrosion inhibitor to prevent any issues during installation. Ensure that the shaft is thoroughly cleaned and dried before proceeding.

Once the shaft is clean and dry, apply a thin layer of synthetic or food-grade grease. This will act as a lubricant and help prevent future corrosion. Now, you're ready to slide on the collar, followed by the key wheel insert and the shaft nut. Tighten the shaft nut securely, using a rubber strap wrench for added leverage if needed.

By following these steps, you will have a clean and prepared wheel shaft, ready for the installation of your new steering wheel. Remember to take your time, work systematically, and always refer to the manufacturer's instructions or seek professional assistance if you're unsure about any part of the process.

Applying grease to the shaft

When installing a new boat steering wheel, it is important to apply grease to the shaft. This will make it much easier to remove the wheel if you need to change it in the future.

To do this, first, ensure the wheel shaft is clean and free of corrosion. Use a soft cloth moistened with a small amount of corrosion inhibitor to wipe the area down as thoroughly as possible. Then, apply a thin layer of synthetic or food-grade grease to the shaft.

It is important to select a high-quality grease that is suitable for use in marine environments. A marine-grade, lithium-based grease is recommended. This type of grease will provide corrosion protection and ensure smooth movement of the steering wheel.

After applying the grease, slide the collar onto the shaft, followed by the key wheel insert and the shaft nut. Be sure to tighten the nut as much as possible before sliding the new wheel into position. You may consider using a rubber strap wrench for optimal leverage to ensure that it is securely attached.

By following these steps and properly greasing the shaft, you will not only ensure the smooth operation of your boat's steering system but also make future maintenance and repairs easier.

Securing the new wheel

To secure the new wheel, you must first ensure that the wheel shaft is clean and free of any corrosion. Use a soft cloth with a small amount of corrosion inhibitor to wipe down the area. Then, apply a thin layer of synthetic or food-grade grease to the shaft. This will make it easier to remove the wheel in the future if necessary.

Next, slide the collar onto the shaft, followed by the key wheel insert and the shaft nut. Tighten the nut as much as possible before sliding the new wheel into position. Consider using a rubber strap wrench for optimal leverage to ensure the wheel is as secure as possible.

Once the new wheel is in place, you may need to adjust the position of the wheel's centre cap, nut, and washer. Ensure that the nut sticks out just above the threads to protect the helm. This will help to hold the wheel in place and prevent it from slipping during use.

Finally, test the security of the wheel by applying pressure to both sides and ensuring it does not move or wobble. Make any necessary adjustments to ensure the wheel is securely attached to the helm.

Frequently asked questions