The Ultimate Guide To Putting A Flag On Your Boat

Flying a flag on a boat is about more than just decoration. It's a way to communicate with other vessels, show respect for the country you're sailing in, and display your national pride. In this guide, we'll cover everything you need to know about choosing the right flag and putting it on your boat. From the different types of flags and their meanings to the dos and don'ts of flag etiquette, we'll make sure you're ready to set sail with confidence and style. So, whether you're a seasoned sailor or a beginner boater, read on to discover the ins and outs of flying a flag on your boat.

Choosing the right flag for your boat

National Ensign Flag

The national ensign flag is the most important flag on a boat, as it identifies the nation of origin and the country where the boat is registered. It is typically the largest flag on the boat and should be flown from the stern, on a staff-pole that is long and angled. The ensign flag should be hoisted first and lowered last, and no other flag may be flown unless the ensign is also flown. The preferred ensign flag for U.S. vessels is the traditional American flag, but the United States Yacht Ensign can be flown in domestic waters. If your boat has a gaff, the ensign should be displayed at the peak of the gaff. If your boat does not have a gaff, fly the ensign from the flagstaff at the stern.

Burgee Flag

The burgee flag is a small flag with a symbol representing the skipper's sailing organization or yacht club. It is typically triangular or swallow-tailed in shape and is flown from the bow staff or under the starboard spreader. These flags are flown day and night and follow the skipper from boat to boat.

Courtesy Flags

Courtesy flags are flown when entering or operating a boat in foreign waters or when there are foreign nationals on board. They represent the host nation or state whose waters you are travelling through and are a sign of respect and a centuries-old tradition. Courtesy flags are flown from the starboard spreader on a sailboat or powerboat, or the bow staff of a mastless boat.

Signal Flags

Signal flags are used for nautical ship-to-ship communication and are an international standard in maritime. Each signal flag corresponds to a letter or number and can be used to relay important messages and information to other vessels. While radio transmissions have largely replaced their use, they are still required on commercial vessels and in foreign ports of call.

Private Signal Flags

Private signal flags, also known as house flags, are personal flags custom-designed for the boat owner. They typically feature a personal interest, hobby, family tradition, initials, or other symbols to identify the owner. These flags are flown day and night but only when the owner is in command of the boat. They are flown at the head of the aftermost mast, from the bow staff on mastless vessels, or on the starboard rigging below the burgee.

Fishing Flags

Fishing boats often fly fishing flags, which denote their catch. These flags feature various fish species and are flown from the port outrigger or spreader. If the catch is released, the flag is flown upside down.

Other Considerations

When choosing flags for your boat, it is important to consider the size of the flags. The ensign flag should be the largest, with all other flags being smaller in size. Additionally, ensure that you are familiar with the local laws, regulations, and customs of the areas you plan to sail in, as these may vary from country to country.

Correct placement of the flag

The Ensign:

The ensign is the most important flag on a boat and represents the nationality of the boat's registration. It is typically the largest flag and should be displayed prominently. The preferred position for the ensign is at the stern of the boat, either on a staff-pole or a flagpole (also known as the pushpit). If the boat has a gaff (a rig extending from the flagpole), the ensign should be flown from there. If the boat lacks a gaff, the flagstaff at the stern is the next best option.

For boats with an overhanging boom or outboard motor, it is advisable to offset the flagstaff to the starboard side of the boat's centreline. On sportfishing boats, the ensign can be flown from a halyard amidships on the after part of the superstructure to avoid interference with gear. Marconi-rigged sailboats may display the ensign from the leech of the aftermost sail or the backstay, approximately two-thirds up its length.

The Courtesy Flag:

When sailing in foreign waters or visiting another country, it is customary and respectful to fly a courtesy flag. This flag represents the host nation and is typically flown from the starboard spreader on a sailboat or powerboat with a mast. If the boat is mastless, the courtesy flag can be flown from the bow staff. The courtesy flag should be smaller than the ensign and flown below it.

Burgee and Private Signal Flags:

The burgee flag represents the skipper's sailing organisation or yacht club and is typically flown from the bow staff or under the starboard spreader. Private signal flags, or house flags, are custom-designed for the boat owner and flown from the head of the aftermost mast, the bow staff on mastless vessels, or the starboard rigging below the burgee.

Flag Hoisting and Lowering:

Flags should be hoisted with care to ensure they are clearly visible and do not get entangled. The ensign should be hoisted first and lowered last. When raising the national flag, ensure it is hoisted high enough to be seen clearly. Flags should be lowered and securely stowed when not in use, especially if leaving the boat in port before sunset.

Flag Etiquette:

In addition to correct placement, it is important to follow flag etiquette. This includes treating flags with respect, avoiding letting them touch the water, and properly folding and storing them when not in use. Flags should be securely attached to withstand the elements and remain attached during high winds.

Flag etiquette and communication

Flags are an essential part of sailing, and nautical flag etiquette is a combination of maritime tradition and laws that help boats communicate with each other. Here are some key points about flag etiquette and communication:

Flag Placement and Types:

• The Ensign (the national flag of the country where the boat is registered) is the most important flag and is flown at the stern of the boat, ideally on a flagpole or the stern forestay. It should be the largest flag and be hoisted first and lowered last.
• The Starboard Spreader is reserved for courtesy flags, which are flown when entering or operating in foreign waters. These represent the host nation and are a sign of respect.
• The yacht owner's personal flag or their national flag can be flown on the starboard spreader or the port side.
• A Burgee is a flag with the colours or emblem of a sailing club and is flown from the main masthead or below the port spreader.
• Private Signal Flags are custom-designed for the boat owner and are flown at the head of the aftermost mast or the starboard rigging below the burgee.
• Signal Flags are used for nautical ship-to-ship communication and correspond to letters and numbers. They are still required on commercial vessels and in foreign ports.
• Fishing Flags denote the catch of the day and are flown from the port outrigger or spreader. They are flown upside down if the catch is released.

Flag Hoisting and Lowering:

• Flags are typically raised at 8:00 am and lowered at sunset.
• When entering a foreign port, the Q flag is raised first to signal to port authorities that the ship is healthy. After clearance, it is replaced with the courtesy flag.
• When dressing the ship (usually for special occasions), the national ensign is hoisted first, followed by other flags in a specific order, creating a colourful display.
• When ships meet, they greet each other by dipping the ensign and responding with three prolonged blasts of the horn.

Flag Etiquette:

• No other flag should be flown above the national ensign on the same halyard.
• The Jack (additional national flag) should not be hoisted with the ensign and is only flown when the ship is anchored or moored, never when it is underway.
• When flying a courtesy flag, ensure it is in good condition and never fly it on the same mast as the national ensign.
• When returning to your home country, remember to take down the foreign courtesy flag.
• When flying a foreign courtesy flag, some countries may have specific rules and traditions, so it is important to be mindful of these variations.

Flag care and maintenance

Storage and Handling:

• Properly fold and stow your flags when not in use to protect them from damage. Ensure they are stored in a dry, safe place, as saltwater and moisture can cause deterioration over time.
• Avoid letting your flags touch the water when sailing, as this can be considered disrespectful in certain cultures and also lead to damage.

Display and Attachment:

• Ensure flags are securely attached to the boat. Use high-quality flag clips, a sturdy flagpole made from stainless steel, and a secure flagpole mount designed for marine use.
• When flying multiple flags, follow the correct order of precedence. The flag with the highest honour should be flown at the highest point, typically the national ensign.
• Display your flags correctly by ensuring they are visible and recognisable from a distance. Position them to be seen clearly by other boaters and vessels.
• Research the protocols and guidelines for flag size, placement, and design when sailing in foreign waters or visiting other countries.

Maintenance and Cleaning:

• Regularly inspect your flags for any signs of wear and tear. Check for frayed edges, torn fabric, or discolouration.
• Clean your flags gently and in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions. Some flags can be hand-washed or spot-cleaned, while others may require professional cleaning.
• Ensure your flags are dried thoroughly before storing them to prevent the growth of mildew or mould.

Replacement:

• Flags should be replaced when they become worn or faded. Faded colours can impact the visibility and recognition of the flag.
• Stay informed about any changes in flag protocols or regulations, as some flags may need to be updated to comply with new standards.

By following these care and maintenance guidelines, you will contribute to the rich tradition of boating and sailing while also showing respect to other boaters and nations.

Legal requirements for flags

The legal requirements for flags on boats vary depending on the country whose waters you are sailing in. However, some general rules and guidelines include:

• The Ensign (the national flag of the country under which the boat is registered) is the most important flag on a boat and must be flown in the correct manner. It should be hoisted first and lowered last, and no other flag may be flown unless the Ensign is also flown.
• The Ensign should be flown from sunrise/8:00 am to sunset/colours. If you leave your boat in port and will not return before sunset, the flag should be taken down.
• The Ensign should be the largest flag on the ship and should be flown at the highest point, typically at the stern of the boat.
• When entering or operating a boat in foreign waters, it is customary to fly a courtesy flag, which is the national flag of the country you are entering. While there may be no legal requirement to fly a courtesy flag, it is considered a sign of respect and an essential etiquette to observe.
• The only legal requirement for vessels in foreign waters is to fly the Red Ensign flag.
• When entering foreign waters or a foreign port, the Q flag must be raised first to signal to port authorities that your ship is healthy and you require free practice. After clearing customs, the Q flag is replaced with the courtesy flag.
• When dressing the ship (decking the vessel with all the flags it can hold), the national ensign is hoisted first, followed by all the other flags. Dressing the ship is typically done for special occasions such as public holidays or for the ship's maiden or last voyage.
• When flying multiple flags on a single halyard, each flag must be senior to the one below it, except for the officer-in-charge pennant, which may be placed above the officer flag.
• When flying the Ensign in lieu of the national flag (e.g., the U.S. ensign instead of the American flag), it should be raised and lowered as if it were the national ensign.
• On national holidays, regattas, and other special occasions, yachts often "dress ship" with International Code of Signal flags.

Frequently asked questions