Expanding Your Old Boat Dock: A Comprehensive Guide

Expanding an old boat dock can be a challenging task, but it's definitely achievable without tearing down the entire structure and starting from scratch. Before diving into the process, it's essential to assess your needs and determine the purpose of the expansion. Do you want to create more space for storing watercraft equipment, or are you looking to enhance the functionality and aesthetics of your dock? Perhaps you want to make room for hosting guests and enjoying various activities by the water. Understanding your specific requirements will guide you in choosing the most suitable expansion method.

Choose the right materials

Choosing the right materials is crucial when expanding an old boat dock. The materials you select will depend on factors such as your budget, the type of water body, local regulations, and your intended use of the dock. Here are some options to consider:

Wood

Wood is a traditional choice for docks due to its affordability, accessibility, and versatility. If you're set on a wooden dock, cedar boards are highly recommended due to their natural rot-resistance, which is crucial in a high-moisture environment. Alternatively, you can opt for pressure-treated pine or spruce, as long as your local regulations permit the use of treated lumber in lakes.

However, wood requires regular maintenance, such as refinishing, sanding, staining, sealing, and repainting, to prevent degradation and deterioration. Additionally, even treated wood is susceptible to splintering, warping, rotting, and insect damage. Wooden docks also have a shorter lifespan compared to other materials, and rotten wood can pose a safety hazard.

Metal (Aluminum or Steel)

Metal docks, made of either aluminum or steel, require less maintenance than wood. Steel docks, in particular, are incredibly sturdy and can withstand harsh water conditions, such as strong winds and high tides. Aluminum is more corrosion-resistant than steel and is lighter, making it easier to install. However, aluminum docks are prone to corrosion and can accumulate hard water stains, lime scale, grime, and algae if not properly maintained. Regular cleaning with fresh water is necessary to prevent salt and mineral corrosion.

Composite Decking (Wood Fibers and Plastic)

Composite decking is made from a blend of wood fibers and plastic. It offers excellent wear resistance and doesn't require finishing or maintenance like wood. Composite decking is a durable and rot-resistant option, making it a good choice for docks that will endure heavy use.

Polyethylene

Polyethylene is a highly versatile and durable plastic used for constructing floating docks. It is ideal for docks that need to withstand various weather conditions without warping, rotting, corroding, or denting. Polyethylene docks are easy to maintain and can be washed to remove dirt and debris. Additionally, if a section is damaged, you can replace just that specific section without disassembling the entire dock.

Polyethylene is also environmentally friendly, as it is manufactured without harmful chemicals and can be recycled. It is a cost-effective option, especially in the long term, due to its low maintenance requirements compared to natural materials like wood.

Consider dock shape

When expanding an old boat dock, it is important to consider the dock's shape. This is because the shape of your dock can impact its functionality, safety, and aesthetic appeal. Here are some key considerations when thinking about the shape of your expanded dock:

Firstly, think about the purpose and activities of your dock. If you plan to use it for recreational activities such as swimming or fishing, a wider shape may be preferable to provide more space. Additionally, consider the number of boats that will use the dock. If you intend to accommodate multiple vessels, a T-shaped or L-shaped configuration can provide additional space and multiple access points.

The shape of your dock can also influence its stability. Wider docks provide better stability in high winds, while larger docks help secure boats and prevent drifting in strong currents. If your dock is in an area with fluctuating water levels, a floating dock shape is ideal as it adjusts automatically.

When determining the shape, consider the water depth and conditions. Fluctuating water levels may benefit from a floating dock, while stationary docks are more suitable for consistent water levels and sandy conditions. Assess the shoreline characteristics and water patterns to inform your decision.

Modern shapes can also enhance the visual appeal of your dock. Consider creating angles that are not only functional but also aesthetically pleasing. You can even opt for a custom shape that reflects your unique style and preferences.

Lastly, don't forget to think about accessibility and safety. Ensure that your dock shape provides safe and convenient access points, especially if you have a steep shoreline. Incorporate features such as handrails, non-slip surfaces, and adequate lighting to enhance safety.

By carefully considering these factors, you can choose a dock shape that is not only functional but also safe and visually appealing.

Plan for maintenance

When it comes to maintaining your boat dock, there are several things to keep in mind to ensure longevity and preserve its aesthetic appeal. Firstly, let's consider the materials used in the construction of your dock. If you have a wooden dock, it is important to select the right type of wood. Cedar boards are an excellent choice due to their natural oils, which make them highly resistant to rot—a common issue in high-moisture environments. If cedar is unavailable, pressure-treated pine or spruce can be used as alternatives, provided that your local regulations permit the use of treated lumber in bodies of water.

However, if you want to avoid the maintenance associated with wooden docks, composite decking is a viable option. Composite decking is made from a blend of wood fibers and plastic, offering superior resistance to rot and wear, while also eliminating the need for finishing. Another advantage of composite decking is that it does not require refinishing, sanding, staining, or sealing, making it a more low-maintenance choice.

The fasteners you use are another critical aspect of dock maintenance. It is recommended to use hot-dipped galvanized fasteners, as regular nails, screws, and bolts will quickly rust when exposed to water. Galvanized fasteners will resist rust for years, even in harsh weather conditions. Additionally, if you own a floating dock, proper anchoring is essential. Concrete block anchors are a common choice, with a recommended weight of at least 250 lbs. per anchor to secure your dock and prevent it from spinning in windy and wavy conditions.

For pipe docks, the choice of location is crucial. These docks are best suited for shallow water with a firm lake bottom. If the water depth exceeds six to seven feet, installing a pipe dock becomes challenging. Additionally, if the lake bottom is extremely soft and silty, the legs of the dock may sink over time. In such cases, adding flat aluminum plates called "pipe feet" to the ends of the pipes can provide the necessary support.

Lastly, consider the accessories you may want to add to your dock to enhance its functionality and entertainment value. This can include lighting options, such as LED rope lighting, underwater lights, or motion-sensor lights, to extend the use of your dock into the evenings and improve safety. Slides, ladders, seating, and storage solutions are also great additions to make your dock more enjoyable and convenient for you and your guests.

Think about lighting

When expanding an old boat dock, lighting is an important feature to consider. It can improve the visual appeal of your dock and also increase safety. Here are some things to think about when planning the lighting for your expanded dock:

Power Source

You can choose between solar-powered lights and traditional wired lights. Solar power is an eco-friendly option that is affordable and easy to install. It's a good choice if your dock gets a lot of sunlight. However, solar lights may not be very bright if they don't get enough sun, and the batteries will need to be replaced regularly. Wired lighting, on the other hand, tends to be brighter and more reliable, but it will add to your electric bill and may require more expertise to install. You can also use a combination of both types of lighting.

Voltage

When it comes to voltage, low voltage is the safest option for dock lighting. While it may require a transformer to convert your household voltage, it significantly reduces the risk of fire hazards and electrocution. High voltage lines provide more light without the need for a transformer, but for small residential projects, the increased risk is not worth it.

Lighting Types and Placement

There are several types of lights you can use to illuminate your dock:

• Underwater lights: These lights are a unique way to light up your dock and can attract fish. They create a pleasant environmental effect and improve safety by making it easier to see the water's edge.
• Flush-mounted lighting: These lights are installed flush with the surface of your dock and are designed to be walked on, making them ideal for pathways.
• Piling lights: These lights provide ambient lighting and improve the safety of your dock without being too harsh on the eyes.
• Wharf lights: These lights have a nautical feel and provide ample lighting. Look for powder-coated aluminum lights that are certified marine-grade to withstand marine conditions.
• Motion-activated floodlights: These lights will turn on automatically when you return from a night boating trip, ensuring a brightly lit dock for safe entry. They turn off on their own, minimizing light pollution and disturbance to neighbours.
• Hanging lights: If you have shelters or swinging seats on your dock, hanging lights can be a subtle and relaxing way to light up a pathway.

When placing your lights, avoid tall, bright lights that can blind you as you bring the boat in. Install your lights between 24-35 inches high to provide enough illumination without causing glare. Light up the water's edge and the walkway to improve safety and create a beautiful aesthetic effect. Use coloured lights to direct traffic, with green lights on the entry side of the dock and red on the other.

Materials

If your dock is in saltwater, be aware that metal lighting fixtures will quickly corrode and fall apart. Instead, opt for hardy plastic fixtures or marine-grade aluminium, which holds up well in saltwater environments.

Add accessories

Once you've expanded your dock, you can enhance its functionality and aesthetic appeal by adding various accessories. Here are some ideas to consider:

• Lighting: Customise your dock with lighting to extend your gatherings into the night. LED rope lighting along the edge of the dock can create a warm and inviting atmosphere. Underwater lights add a touch of elegance, while motion-sensor lights provide added security. Solar lighting is an affordable and environmentally friendly option that charges automatically during the day.
• Slides: Install a durable polyethylene slide like the EZ Dock dock slide for hours of fun for both kids and adults.
• Ladders: Make it easy for swimmers to get in and out of the water with a corrosion-resistant ladder like the EZ Dock swim ladder.
• Seating and Shade: Provide comfortable seating and shade to turn your dock into an entertaining haven. Look for furniture made from UV- and heat-resistant materials like polyethylene to ensure durability and ease of maintenance.
• Ramps and Gangways: If your shoreline is incompatible with a direct dock connection, install ramps and gangways to create a stable pathway from the land to the dock. Ramps are ideal for short distances and steep drop-offs, while gangways offer a longer and more stable platform with handrails.
• Storage: Add storage solutions like weather-proof dock boxes and storage benches to keep your items secure and protected from the elements.
• Fishing Gear: If fishing is your favourite activity, equip your dock with a dedicated platform and a fish cleaning station to make the most of your hobby.
• Boat Accessories: Include tie-up cleats, boat lifts, dock bumpers, and drive-on boat ports to enhance your boating experience and protect your watercraft.
• Kayak Launching Systems: Make it easier for kayakers to launch and dock their kayaks with specialised kayak launching systems like the EZ Launch or EZ Launch for Kayaks.
• Personal Watercraft (PWC) Solutions: EZ Dock's EZ Port collection offers an innovative design for launching and docking PWCs like jet skis and wave runners, keeping your equipment dry and secure.

Frequently asked questions