Choosing The Right Number Of Batteries For Your Jon Boat

Jon boat owners often use one or two batteries to power trolling motors, fish finders, marine radios, and bilge pumps. The number of batteries needed depends on the size of the boat, the weight of the batteries, and the desired distribution of weight. Batteries can be placed in the front or back of the boat, or in the middle for weight distribution. When wiring a jon boat, it is important to consider the length of wire runs, the size of the trolling motor, and the use of fuses or circuit breakers to protect against overcurrent situations.

Battery placement for weight distribution

When it comes to battery placement for weight distribution in a jon boat, there are a few things to consider. Firstly, it is recommended to distribute the weight of batteries, fuel tanks, and other heavy items as evenly as possible between the front and back of the boat to maintain stability. This can be achieved by placing one battery in the front and one in the back or by grouping multiple batteries together in a central location.

For example, if you have a larger jon boat with a passenger, you might consider placing the battery box just behind the middle bench, which can also double as a small bait table. This setup can help keep the weight centred and balanced. However, it is important to note that too much weight in the stern can cause the bow to bounce when hitting waves, so finding the right balance is crucial.

Additionally, if you have a trolling motor, you may want to place the battery for that motor closer to it to reduce the length of wiring needed. This could mean placing the battery in the bow area or the stern, depending on where your trolling motor is located. If you decide to place the battery in the bow, consider investing in a higher-cost marine deep cycle battery, as these can better handle the pounding and vibration that comes with being placed in the front of the boat.

Lastly, when it comes to battery placement, it is always a good idea to water test your boat with the battery in different positions to see what works best for your specific vessel. By trying out different configurations, you can find the optimal setup for weight distribution and performance.

Battery type and weight

When choosing a battery for your Jon boat, it's important to consider the type of battery, its weight, and how it will impact the overall weight distribution of your boat.

First, let's talk about battery types. The most common types of batteries for Jon boats are deep-cycle marine batteries, which are designed to provide a steady amount of power over a long period of time. Within this category, you have several options:

• Lead-acid batteries: These are the most traditional type of marine batteries and are known for their affordability and wide availability. They are heavy and require regular maintenance, such as keeping an eye on fluid levels.
• AGM (Absorbent Glass Mat) batteries: AGM batteries are a type of lead-acid battery that uses a glass mat to absorb the electrolyte solution. They are more durable and require less maintenance than traditional lead-acid batteries. However, they are also more expensive.
• Gel batteries: Gel batteries are another variation of lead-acid batteries, where the electrolyte solution is gelled, making it immobile. This type of battery is known for its long lifespan and ability to withstand external heat. They are a good choice for trolling motors and running electronic equipment for extended periods. However, they are more expensive than AGM batteries.
• Lithium-ion batteries: Lithium-ion batteries are lightweight and powerful, but they come with a high price tag. They are a good option if you want to reduce the overall weight of your boat without sacrificing performance.

Now, let's discuss weight distribution. The weight of your battery will depend on the type and size you choose. It's important to distribute the weight of your battery, fuel tank, and other heavy items as evenly as possible between the front and back of the boat. This will help improve stability and handling. Some boaters choose to place the battery in the back to counterbalance the weight of the motor and other equipment at the front. Others prefer to put the battery up front, especially if they have a larger motor or spend a lot of time in windy conditions. Ultimately, the best way to determine the optimal battery placement for your Jon boat is to test it out on the water and make adjustments as needed.

Battery charging

When it comes to charging your Jon boat's battery, there are a few things to keep in mind. Firstly, you'll need to decide on the type of battery and charger setup that best suits your needs. Most Jon boat owners use a 12V trolling motor battery, which can be charged using a standard home outlet. It's important to ensure that your battery charger is compatible with your outlet and battery type.

When charging your battery, always refer to the manufacturer's instructions for your specific battery and charger. In general, it's recommended to charge your battery after each use to maintain its health and maximise its lifespan. It's also a good idea to periodically check the battery's charge level, especially if you haven't used the boat in a while, as batteries can slowly lose their charge over time.

To charge your Jon boat battery, find a suitable location with easy access to a power outlet. Some Jon boat owners choose to mount their charger under the front deck or on the bulkhead, close to the battery and gas tank. It's important to follow the charger's instructions regarding proximity to the battery and isolation from the aluminium hull to prevent corrosion and ensure safety.

When connecting the charger, always follow the correct polarity. Typically, the positive lead from the charger connects to the positive terminal on the battery, and the negative lead connects to the negative terminal. Allow the battery to charge until the charger indicates that it is fully charged. Depending on the charger and battery type, this could take several hours.

Once your battery is fully charged, disconnect the charger and store it in a safe, dry place. Now your Jon boat battery is ready for your next outing! Remember to maintain and charge your battery regularly to ensure reliable performance and a long lifespan.

Wiring a trolling motor

Step 1: Gather the Right Tools and Materials

Before you begin, make sure you have all the necessary tools and materials. These may include a screwdriver (both Phillips and flat-head), a wrench set, a drill and drill bits, wire cutters/strippers, electrical tape, marine sealant, zip ties, and a friend to assist you.

Step 2: Choose the Right Trolling Motor

Select a trolling motor that suits your jon boat and its intended use. Consider factors such as thrust power, battery type, and mounting style. For example, for a 14-foot jon boat, you may opt for a 55-pound thrust motor. Also, ensure you have the appropriate battery for your motor, such as a 12V deep-cycle battery.

Step 3: Determine the Mounting Location

Decide whether you want to mount the trolling motor on the transom (back) or the bow (front) of your jon boat. If you prefer a simpler installation and wish to maintain your current setup, a transom mount is a good option.

Step 4: Find the Right Spot and Mark the Holes

Focus on the transom area and find the ideal spot for the motor. Place the motor about 6-12 inches from the sides of the boat to ensure efficient operation and maintain balance. Once you've found the perfect spot, mark the holes with a pencil, ensuring they are aligned correctly.

Step 5: Drill the Holes

Using your drill, carefully drill the marked holes. Apply marine sealant to the holes to prevent water from seeping in. This step will help protect your boat and motor from potential water damage.

Step 6: Attach the Motor

Position the trolling motor in place and tighten the screws using your wrench. Ensure it is securely attached but be careful not to overtighten, as this may cause damage.

Step 7: Make Electrical Connections

Follow the manufacturer's instructions to connect the positive and negative wires from the motor to the battery. Strip the wires if necessary and use electrical tape for a secure connection.

Step 8: Test the Setup

After everything is securely in place, it's time to test your setup. Take your boat to a calm lake or body of water and power up the motor. Have an assistant on board to help manage the motor as you navigate your first run.

Step 9: Personalize and Maintain Your Setup

Consider tidying up excess wiring with zip ties for a neat cockpit area. Always perform safety checks and test your motor and battery before launching to avoid any potential issues. After each use, remember to rinse everything off to prevent salt buildup, especially if you operate in coastal areas.

By following these steps and referring to the manufacturer's instructions, you should be able to successfully wire a trolling motor to your jon boat, enhancing your boating and fishing experience.

Battery grounding

The number of batteries you need for your Jon boat depends on the type of motor you will be using. If you are using a trolling motor, you will need to buy a battery and a charger separately.

Now, on to battery grounding.

The negative terminal of the battery is the central ground point for the entire boat. The negative battery cable from the engine block runs to the negative terminal of the battery. The positive cable runs to the starter solenoid from the positive post on the battery. The engine electrical harness contains the circuits needed to run the trim, starter, choke/primer, ignition, and the gauges.

There may be three ground points in the boat: the battery, ground bus, and engine block. Since the engine is bolted to the hull of the boat, an aluminum hull will also be at ground potential, but it is not recommended that accessories be grounded to the hull due to questionable electrical contact and corrosion possibilities.

It is important not to use the hull of an aluminum boat as the ground connection, as it will set up electrolysis and the hull will begin pitting, causing it to be eaten away.

One user on a boat forum shared their experience grounding to the hull by accident:

> "I accidentally grounded to my hull by accident hooking up a cigarette lighter in the front of my boat due to a loose wire end, I went to rub a mark off with my finger (Licked it of course) Gave me a pretty nice shock, also scared the st out of me. So yeah wouldn't recommend it."

Another user shared their experience:

> "I learned the hard way! Do not use the hull on an aluminum boat as the ground connection. If you do, it will set up electrolisys and the hull will begin pitting, then it can get eaten away."

Best Practices for Battery Grounding

It is recommended to have a common ground within the outboard block for the outboard electric connections and a common ground in a terminal block under the dash for dash components. Both grounds would eventually feed back to the negative battery terminal.

A bus bar that gets its ground from the battery is also recommended. This will allow you to have a ground bus where the smaller black wire from the negative terminal of the battery is connected.

Battery Placement

When it comes to battery placement in a Jon boat, it is important to distribute the weight of the battery, fuel tank, and other heavy items as evenly as possible between the front and back of the boat. Keeping the weight centered will also help with stability.

One user shared their experience:

> "In the 2 Jons I have owned, I wished the battery (or fuel tank) was up front for better weight distribution. I haven't seen too many front-heavy boats!"

However, another user cautioned:

> "Too much weight up front can be bad too IMO."

Ultimately, the best practice is to water test the rig with the battery in different positions to determine the optimal placement for your specific boat.

Frequently asked questions