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Passing is one of the most crucial skills in basketball. There are several types of passes, each with advantages and disadvantages depending on the situation. All passes fit into two broad categories: Air Passes, which reach their intended receiver without hitting the floor, and Bounce Passes, which hit the floor before reaching the receiver. Each type of pass might be easier or harder to execute depending on the situation in the game. Some of the most common types of passes include the chest pass, the overhead pass, the wraparound pass, the dribble pass, the pick-and-roll pass, the skip pass, the lob pass, the baseball pass, and the behind-the-back pass.
| Characteristics | Values |
|---|---|
| Number of Broad Categories | 2 |
| Basic Passes | Air Pass, Bounce Pass, Chest Pass, Overhead Pass, Wrap-Around Pass |
| Advanced Passes | Baseball Pass, Dribble Pass, Behind-the-Back Pass, Pick-and-Roll Pass, Lob Pass |
| Other Types | Skip Pass |
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What You'll Learn
Baseball pass
Basketball passes are a cornerstone of any effective offense. One such pass is the baseball pass, which is thrown similarly to a baseball pitch. It is a long one-handed pass used during fast breaks to get past the defense at speed.
To execute a baseball pass, the player should first grip the ball with their finger pads, keeping their fingers slightly bent and ensuring their palm does not touch the ball. This is important because gripping the ball too tightly will negatively affect the speed and power of the pass. The ball should be positioned near the ear, with the throwing palm facing up. The passer should look crosswise to the receiver and guide the pass with their elbow, pushing the ball beyond their ear with the opposing foot.
The baseball pass is an excellent option when players need to pass the ball deep down the floor. It generates more force than a traditional chest or overhead pass and can be used to threaten the defense and create a quick scoring opportunity, such as a fast-break layup. For example, if a teammate is sprinting towards the basket with defenders chasing behind, a baseball pass with enough power will float over the defenders, allowing the receiver to catch it and quickly score.
However, one notable drawback of the baseball pass is that it is a long air pass, which means it can be intercepted by a savvy defender. To prevent this, the offensive player should quickly read the defense and only throw the pass when the receiver can catch it with little to no defensive resistance.
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Chest pass
Passing is a fundamental skill in basketball, and there are several types of passes that can be used depending on the situation. One of the most common and versatile passes is the chest pass.
The chest pass is a fundamental technique in basketball, often considered the most accurate and efficient pass. It can be used in most situations and from anywhere on the court. To execute a chest pass, players must place each hand on either side of the ball, ensuring their fingers are spread evenly. The passer then fully extends their passing arm as they push the ball out from their chest, slightly to one side if they are using their dominant hand. As the arm reaches full extension, the wrist should snap, similar to the motion of a jump shot, imparting rotation on the ball and making it easier for the receiver to handle. If possible, the passer should step towards their target to ensure the pass is crisp and direct, arriving at the recipient's chest height.
The chest pass is a foundational skill that beginners should master before attempting more complex passes. It is a basic yet powerful tool that can be used in a variety of game situations. The pass is versatile and can be adapted to suit the pace and flow of the game. For instance, when a quick pass is needed, the chest pass can be executed faster, giving the defence little time to react.
Another variation of the chest pass is the lob pass. This pass is thrown with a softer touch and a higher arc than a traditional chest pass, intended to go over a defender's head. Lob passes are often used for alley-oops, post feeds, or off of pick-and-rolls. The lob pass is a more advanced technique that requires good timing and placement, but it can be an effective way to create scoring opportunities.
The chest pass is a fundamental skill in basketball, and its mastery is essential for players of all levels. It forms the basis of many other passes and is a reliable tool in any game situation. By understanding the mechanics of the chest pass and its variations, players can develop their passing skills and become more effective on the court.
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Overhead pass
While not as common as the chest pass or bounce pass, the overhead pass is an important alternative that can and should be used in specific situations. Overhead passes are sometimes used to slingshot the ball further than a typical chest or bounce pass, and are also used when a defender is close by.
To execute an overhead pass, the ball will start at your chest or above your head. First, take a step toward your teammate who is the intended recipient—preferably with your dominant foot. After planting the foot that takes the first step, push off the back foot to create enough power to throw a long pass across the court. Then, step forward with the back foot, release the ball forward, and follow through.
It's important to pass the ball to where you want your teammate to catch it, rather than to where they are standing when you release the pass. This is because your target is likely moving. For example, if you're being closely guarded, your teammate could be running towards you or to a different spot on the court to get open. Or, if you're making a long pass down the court, your teammate may be sprinting away from you to beat defenders.
The overhead pass can be used to get the ball up the court faster than by dribbling or throwing a shorter pass to a closer teammate. It can also be used to make a "skip pass" across the court, when the ball needs to travel over multiple defenders. The overhead pass is preferred in this situation because it has more arc and power, so it's not as easily deflected or stolen by the defense.
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Bounce pass
Passing is a fundamental skill in basketball, and there are several types of passes that can be used depending on the situation. One such pass is the bounce pass, which is considered a fundamental pass that every player must be able to execute accurately.
A bounce pass is a short pass that enables the passer to find a teammate in a crowded area. It is a situational pass, often used for post-entry, backdoor cuts, and fast breaks. The bounce pass is slower than a direct chest pass, so players should consider whether a bounce pass is the best option before throwing it. It is generally used when there is an opponent in the way who might deflect a direct chest pass, and it is not ideal for long distances.
To execute a bounce pass, the player should take the ball with both hands and hold it up to their chest. They then take a step forward with either foot, preferably their dominant foot, and as they step forward, they push off with their back foot and release the ball with both hands. The player should keep their back straight and slightly tilt their upper body forward for maximum power. The ball should hit the floor about two-thirds of the way to the receiver, and the player should aim for their teammate's chest or waist area.
Variations of the bounce pass include the between-the-legs pass and the behind-the-back bounce pass. These are advanced types of passes that should only be attempted by players who have mastered the basic passes. The between-the-legs pass involves bouncing the ball between the legs of the passer or an adjacent defender, while the behind-the-back bounce pass involves throwing the ball behind the passer's back. These passes can be effective when defenders have their hands high, making it difficult to throw an effective air pass without the risk of deflection or interception.
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Behind-the-back pass
Basketball is a team sport, and passing is a cornerstone of any effective offense. There are several types of passes in basketball, and one of the most well-known and advanced passes is the behind-the-back pass. This pass is an offensive action where the player with the ball throws it behind their back to an open teammate, creating a potential scoring or playmaking opportunity. It is a fundamental skill that can be used effectively in certain situations, despite what some people may say.
The behind-the-back pass is often used against transition defense and ball screen defense. It can deceive defenders because they typically focus on the player in possession of the ball or the ball itself. When executed correctly, this pass can cause defenders to momentarily pause, creating an opportunity for the receiving teammate to make a play or score. It is important to note that the behind-the-back pass is an advanced technique, and players should first master basic passes such as the chest pass, bounce pass, and overhead pass.
The technique for executing a behind-the-back pass is similar to that of an underhand pass. The player puts the ball behind their back, as if doing waist-level ball-handling drills, and then flicks their wrist in the direction they want the ball to travel. It is important to perform this pass as one smooth, fluid motion. Additionally, there is a bounce pass variation, where the player bounces the ball at an angle behind their back, forming a "V" shape, for a teammate to receive.
The behind-the-back pass can be executed immediately after dribbling the basketball, although it is typically taught from a stationary stance. It is a pass that requires practice and good timing to master, and it can be an effective tool for creating opportunities and catching defenders off guard. However, it should be noted that this pass may leave the ball vulnerable to being stolen by defenders, so players must be aware of their surroundings and use it judiciously.
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Frequently asked questions
There are two main categories of basketball passes: air passes and bounce passes. Air passes are those that reach the intended receiver without touching the floor, while bounce passes hit the floor before reaching the receiver.
Examples of air passes include the chest pass, overhead pass, and wraparound pass. The chest pass is one of the most widely used passes in basketball, where the ball is grabbed with two hands and dropped to chest level. The palms of the hands should be on each side of the ball, with the thumbs pointing at each other. Overhead passes are thrown with both hands over the passer's head and are often used when no teammates are on either side. Wraparound passes are used when a defender is closely guarding the player with the ball, and the pivot hip is used to step around the defender's outside.
One example of a bounce pass is the dribble pass, which is executed when a player is dribbling the ball. The goal is to surprise the defender with a quick pass that is difficult to stop.
Other types of basketball passes include the skip pass, baseball pass, behind-the-back pass, and pick-and-roll pass.
