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Passing is one of the most under-taught skills in basketball, but it is fundamental to the game. There are several types of passes in basketball, including bounce passes, chest passes, overhead passes, and outlet passes. The type of pass you use will depend on your position on the court and the distance between you and your teammate. For example, if you are closer to your teammate, you should limit the arc of your pass to avoid it being intercepted by a defender. On the other hand, if you need to get the ball far down the court, a larger arc can be beneficial, as it keeps the ball above defenders' heads.
| Characteristics | Values |
|---|---|
| Grip | Place hands on each side of the basketball |
| Footwork | Take a step with the dominant foot when throwing |
| Wrists | Rotate wrists so thumbs point down |
| Arc | Use a large arc for long-distance passes, low arc for close passes |
| Accuracy | Throw into the teammate's chest, at waist height |
| Power | Use a bigger step for more power |
| Pass type | Overhead, bounce, chest, baseball, behind-the-back, wrap-around, dribble, pick-and-roll |
| Court awareness | Avoid looking at the receiving teammate |
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Overhead pass
An overhead pass is a necessary alternative to the more common chest and bounce passes, and should be used in specific situations. Overhead passes are used to slingshot the ball further than a typical chest or bounce pass, and are also used when a defender is guarding you closely.
There are three steps to throwing an overhead pass:
- The ball will start at your chest or above your head.
- Take a step toward the teammate who is the intended recipient—preferably with your dominant foot, but it depends on which is your pivot foot.
- After planting the foot that takes the first step, push off the back foot to create enough power to throw a long pass across the court. Then, step forward with the back foot, release the ball forward, and follow through.
It's important to pass the ball to where you want your teammate to catch it, not to where they are standing at the moment of the release. Overhead passes can be used to make a "'skip pass' across the court, when the ball needs to travel over multiple defenders. This is preferred because it has more arc and power, so it's not as easily deflected or stolen by the defence.
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Baseball pass
The baseball pass is an offensive action in basketball. It involves a player throwing the ball to a receiver using a throwing motion similar to a pitcher's throw in baseball. It is a type of air pass as it floats through the air and is often thrown as a long pass down the court.
The baseball pass can be an effective strategy in basketball as it can help generate quick scoring opportunities, such as fast-break layups, before the defensive team is fully prepared. It is particularly useful when players need to pass the ball deep down the floor. However, one notable drawback is that it is typically a long pass, leaving it susceptible to interception by a savvy defender. Therefore, it is crucial for the passer to assess the defensive situation before executing the baseball pass.
To execute a successful baseball pass, the player should start by adopting the proper stance. This involves bending the knees and stepping forward with the foot opposite to the passing hand, while turning the shoulders towards the sideline. The ball should be gripped firmly with the finger pads, with the fingers slightly bent and a small pocket of space between the palm and the ball. This ensures that the pass has optimal speed and velocity.
The player should then position the ball near the ear on the same side as the throwing arm, with the palm facing up. They should stand slightly to the side, away from the receiver, and step towards them while releasing the ball with a swift, fluid motion to generate enough power. A successful baseball pass will allow the receiver to catch the ball and quickly score with a layup or jump shot.
Practising the baseball pass in various late-game scenarios can help players feel more confident and add a valuable skill to their arsenal.
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Bounce pass
A bounce pass is a type of pass in basketball where the ball moves from one player to another on the same team by throwing it so that it bounces off the ground once before the receiving teammate catches it. This pass is performed in the same way as a chest pass, except that the ball is bounced off the floor before it reaches the other player.
To execute a bounce pass, start by taking a step with your dominant foot and throwing the ball with force and accuracy. As you throw, rotate your wrists so that your thumbs point down, which will add rotation to the ball. Aim to throw the pass into your teammate's chest, not at their head or feet, and try to achieve as little arc on the ball as possible to avoid interception by a defender. Finish the pass with your arms extended in front of you, at thigh height.
A bounce pass is useful when a defender's arm or body might block a chest pass. It is also a good option when you need to get the ball to a teammate who is closer to you, as a shorter pass reduces the risk of interception.
Practicing bounce passes can help improve your accuracy and control over the ball. It is important to maintain a good grip on the ball and to use your wrists to generate more accurate passes. With practice, you can master the bounce pass and become a more versatile player on the court.
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Behind-the-back pass
A behind-the-back pass in basketball is an offensive move where a player with the ball attempts to pass it behind their back to an open teammate. This technique is often used as a misdirection pass, surprising the defender and creating a scoring or playmaking opportunity for the receiving teammate. It is considered an advanced skill, and players are advised to master basic passes before attempting this pass.
To execute a behind-the-back pass, the player should start by assuming the correct stance and using the proper grip. The feet should be about shoulder-width apart, with knees slightly bent and the back straight. The ball is cupped with one hand, and the adjacent wrist is bent inward to secure the ball as it moves behind the player's back. The player should then move the ball behind their back and release it towards the receiver. It is important to note that the pass should be performed as one smooth, continuous motion.
The behind-the-back pass can be practised in a few ways. One method is to work with a teammate or a wall. When using a wall, stand about 10 feet away and pass the ball around your back so it bounces back to your front side. Catch the ball and repeat the drill, focusing on increasing speed and distance over time. Another drill involves two players facing each other at a distance of about 10 feet. They roll the ball back and forth using only one hand, controlling the ball with the hand it was rolled to.
It is important to remember that the behind-the-back pass can be challenging to control and may result in turnovers. Additionally, the turning action of the player executing the pass can slow down the offensive sequence, giving the defence more time to react. As such, it is crucial to practise and master this skill before attempting it in a game.
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Wrap-around pass
Passing is an essential part of basketball, and there are two main categories: the air pass and the bounce pass. The wraparound pass is a type of pass often used by outer players to avoid nearby opponents. It is a pass that allows you to protect the ball from a defender who is getting too close by passing the ball under their arm.
To perform a wraparound pass, you must first settle your pivot foot and shift your other foot outwards to step away from the defender. This will help you get around your opponent with your arm. Next, bring the ball to the same side as the foot you shifted. Extend your arm to the side, at your opponent's hip level or below their arm. Finally, throw the ball forward with one hand, using a flick of the wrist to add speed to your throw. You can throw either a direct pass or a bounce pass.
The key to a strong wraparound pass is speed and good technique. It is important to practice and not give up. You can also use the same move, switching your pivot foot, to avoid an interception from your direct opponent. This will cause you to turn your back on your opponent, further protecting the ball.
Other types of passes in basketball include the chest pass, overhead pass, baseball pass, and behind-the-back pass. Each type of pass has its own advantages and is suitable for different situations. For example, the chest pass is widely used and works best when defenders are sagging away from offensive players. The baseball pass is used when you want to throw the ball far down the court to an open teammate. The behind-the-back pass is a flashy move that requires a high degree of confidence and skill.
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Frequently asked questions
There are several types of passes in basketball, including bounce passes, chest passes, overhead passes, outlet passes, behind-the-back passes, wrap-around passes, baseball passes, and dribble passes.
To perform a chest pass, take a step with your dominant foot and throw the ball, following through with fully extended arms. Rotate your wrists so that your thumbs point down, adding rotation to the ball. Aim for your teammate's chest, keeping the ball low to avoid interception by a defender.
A bounce pass is useful in tight spaces when passing to a guarded teammate. It is performed similarly to a chest pass but with the ball bouncing once before reaching your teammate. On the other hand, an overhead pass is used to launch the ball over a long distance, especially during a quick break down the court. To execute an overhead pass, start with the ball held directly behind your head with both hands, then step forward and extend your elbows while snapping your wrists to create backspin.
