Ayrton Oneill
Basketball is a game of numbers. While many enthusiasts are familiar with points per game and free-throw percentages, there are a multitude of other statistics that can be used to evaluate players and teams. For instance, rebounding stats are important as they determine whether a team has the ball, which is necessary to make shots. Other stats like assists, defensive ratings, and true scoring percentages can also be used to evaluate a player's contribution to the team's performance.
| Characteristics | Values |
|---|---|
| Points per game | Free throw percentages |
| Assists | Estimate of the percentage of teammate field goals a player assisted while on the floor |
| Rebounds | The number of rebounds during a player's time on the floor |
| True Scoring Percentage (TS%) | A measure of a player's contribution to the team's points |
| Points Per Possession (PPP) | A stat to gauge offensive player efficiency |
| Field Goal Percentage (FG%) | The number of baskets made that count for a point and are not free throws |
| PER | A per-minute evaluation of a player's skills |
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What You'll Learn
Assist percentage
> Assist Percentage = 100 * Assists/(((Minutes Played / (Team Minutes/5)) * Team Field Goals Made) – Field Goals Made)
While assist percentage is a valuable metric, it is important to acknowledge its limitations. For instance, it does not account for the overall scoring frequency of a team. A player with a high assist percentage may be assisting on a higher proportion of their team's scores, but their team's overall scoring rate might be lower compared to another team. Therefore, while assist percentage tells us about a player's contribution to their team's scoring, it does not provide the full context of the team's overall offensive performance.
To address this limitation, coaches and analysts often consider additional statistics alongside assist percentage. These may include the assist to turnover ratio, which evaluates a player's decision-making and ball control, or metrics like Points per Game and True Scoring Percentage, which provide a more comprehensive understanding of a player's scoring ability and their impact on the team's performance.
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Rebound percentage
In basketball, a rebound is a statistic awarded to a player who retrieves the ball after a missed shot, including air balls that completely miss the basket and board. Rebounds are divided into two main categories: offensive rebounds, in which the offensive side recovers the ball without a change in possession, and defensive rebounds, in which the defending team gains possession. The majority of rebounds are defensive rebounds because the defending team tends to be in a better position to recover missed shots.
> {[\displaystyle {\text{Rebound Rate}}={\frac {100\times {\text{Rebounds}}\times {\frac {\text{Team Minutes Played}}{5}}}{{\text{Minutes Played}}\times \left({\text{Team Total Rebounds}}+{\text{Opposing Team Total Rebounds}}\right)}}}
Tracking rebound statistics can provide valuable insights for coaches and players. For example, coaches can identify areas for improvement and set targeted goals to increase rebounding effectiveness. Additionally, sharing rebounding statistics with players can create a sense of peer pressure and motivate them to improve their performance.
Height can be an advantage for rebounding, but it is not the only factor. Great rebounders also possess a keen sense of timing and positioning, and excellent leaping ability, although the latter is not necessary. Players can improve their rebounding skills by positioning themselves between an opponent and the basket, a technique known as "boxing out" or "blocking out".
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True scoring percentage
TS% accounts for two- and three-point field goals and free throws, effectively measuring a player's scoring productiveness based on their opportunities to score. It does not account for turnovers, which are instances where a player fails to score or misses a shot, thereby taking away an opportunity from their teammates.
The formula for TS% is:
TS% = (Points / 2) / [FGA + (0.44 * FTA)]
Where:
- FGA = Total Field Goal Attempts (including 2-point and 3-point attempts)
- FTA = Free Throw Attempts
For example, a player with 1851 points scored across 1205 field goal attempts and 665 free throw attempts would have a TS% of 0.618 or 61.8%.
TS% is a valuable tool for coaches to identify which players are taking too many shots and which players need more shooting opportunities. It provides a tangible way to determine which players contribute the most to the team's scoring success.
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Free throw percentage
A high free throw percentage indicates that a player is reliable and consistent in converting free throw opportunities into points for their team. This skill is particularly valuable in close-scoring games, where every point matters, and during crucial moments, such as the final minutes of a tight game.
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Won-lost percentage
In the National Basketball Association (NBA), win-loss records include the wins and losses recorded during a team's playing time, even in cases of franchise changes or mergers. For example, the NBA win-loss records include statistics from the BAA (Basketball Association of America), the predecessor of the NBA, but do not include records from the ABA (American Basketball Association) despite the 1976 merger.
Win-loss percentage is often used to rank teams and determine playoff seeding. In the NBA, tie-break criteria are employed when two or more teams have the same win percentage. These criteria include head-to-head winning percentage, division winner, better winning percentage within the division, and better winning percentage against teams in the same conference.
In addition to overall team performance, win-loss percentage can also be applied to specific players to evaluate their impact on the team's success. This metric is particularly useful for understanding the value of players who contribute to the team's performance beyond just scoring, such as those with high assist percentages or defensive capabilities.
While win-loss percentage is a useful metric, it is important to consider other factors that contribute to a team's success or failure. For example, shooting efficiency, defensive rebounds, and assists have been shown to be key differentiators between winning and losing teams in the NBA and other professional leagues. By analysing a variety of statistical parameters, coaches and analysts can develop more effective strategies and identify areas for improvement.
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Frequently asked questions
A player's field goal percentage (FG%) is calculated by dividing the number of field goals made by the total number of field goal attempts. For example, if a player made 261 field goals out of 514 attempts, their FG% would be 50.78%.
Rebound percentage (Reb%) is a statistic that estimates the percentage of available rebounds a player or team secures. It is calculated by dividing the total number of rebounds by the number of available rebounds during a player's time on the floor.
True Scoring Percentage (TS%) is a metric that measures a player's contribution to their team's scoring. It takes into account a player's field goal attempts, free throw attempts, and the number of opportunities they had to contribute.
Assist percentage estimates the percentage of teammate field goals a player assisted while on the floor. The formula for calculating assist percentage is: Assist% = 100 x Assists / ((Minutes played / (Team Minutes / 5)) x Team field goals made - field goals made as a result of the player's assist).
