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In basketball, a field goal is a basket scored on any shot or tap other than a free throw. Field goals are a primary method of scoring and are worth two or three points, depending on the location of the attempt on the basket. Field goals can be scored in a variety of ways, such as by shooting, dunking, or by layups. The term field goal is thought to have originated in the early days of the sport when basketball was played outdoors, and goal referred to any basket or receptacle used to catch the ball and score points.
| Characteristics | Values |
|---|---|
| Definition | A basket scored from anywhere on the court other than a free throw. |
| Examples | Jump shots, layups, or dunks. |
| Point Allocation | Two or three points depending on the location of the attempt on the basket. |
| Other Point Variations | One point in FIBA 3x3 basketball competitions or four points in the BIG3 basketball league. |
| Field Goal Percentage Calculation | Divide the number of made shots by the total number of shot attempts, then multiply by 100. |
| Record Holders | Wilt Chamberlain, Mitchell Robinson, Michael Jordan, Shaquille O'Neal, DeAndre Jordan, Steve Nash, Baron Davis, Diana Taurasi, and Kareem Abdul-Jabbar. |
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What You'll Learn
Field goal percentage
Three-point field goal percentage is often calculated separately, but three-point shots are included in the general FG%. While a high FG% is desirable, it does not always reflect a player's skill. A low FG% could indicate a player taking many difficult shots or a poor offensive player. Other metrics, such as "Effective Field Goal Percentage" (eFG%) and "True Shooting Percentage" (TS%), address some of the limitations of FG% by accounting for the distinction between 2-point and 3-point shots and the inclusion of free throws.
Field goals are a primary method of scoring in basketball, and their importance is evident in their potential to change the outcome of a game. Teams rely on their players' ability to make successful field goals, and coaches strategise accordingly, balancing close-range and longer-range shots based on their players' strengths.
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Two-point field goals
A field goal in basketball is a basket scored on any shot or tap other than a free throw, typically earning two or three points depending on the location of the shot attempt. The most common type of field goal is the two-point field goal, which is scored when a player makes a basket from anywhere inside the three-point line. This includes layups, which are close-range shots, and jump shots, which are mid-range to long-range attempts taken with both feet off the ground. Two-point field goals are an essential part of a team's scoring strategy, as they are easier to make than three-point field goals and can be a game-changer in a tight match.
The success rate of two-point field goals is crucial for a team's performance, as it indicates their scoring efficiency. Coaches often strategize based on their players' ability to execute these shots, balancing close-range and longer-range attempts. The field goal percentage (FG%) is a key statistic, calculated by dividing the number of successful field goals by the total attempts and multiplying by 100. A high FG% means a player or team is capitalising on their scoring chances.
Since the 2008-09 NBA season, referees have reviewed situations where there is uncertainty about whether a successful field goal was a two-point or three-point shot. These reviews occur during the last two minutes of the fourth period or any overtime period, ensuring the accuracy of scoring.
While two-point field goals are the most common, it's worth noting that field goals can occasionally be worth one point in FIBA 3x3 basketball or four points in the BIG3 basketball league.
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Three-point field goals
A three-point field goal, also known as a 3-pointer, three, or triple, is a shot made from beyond the three-point line, a designated arc surrounding the basket. It is worth three points, in contrast to the two points awarded for field goals made within the three-point line and the one point for each made free throw. The three-point line was first introduced in 1945 in a game between Columbia and Fordham, with a 21-foot line, but it was not kept as a rule. The American Basketball League (ABL) became the first league to officially institute the rule in 1961, with the goal of adding excitement to the game and distinguishing the league from the NBA.
The distance from the basket to the three-point line varies depending on the competition level. In the NBA, the arc is 23 feet 9 inches (7.24 m) from the centre of the basket. In other leagues, such as college or high school basketball, the arc is slightly closer, at 6.75 m (22 ft 1.75 in) from the centre of the basket.
The field goal percentage (FG%) is a critical statistic in basketball, measuring the accuracy of field goals made. It is calculated by dividing the number of successful field goals by the total number of attempts and then multiplying by 100. A high FG% indicates that a player or team is making the most of their scoring opportunities. Since the 2008-09 season, referees have reviewed situations where there is uncertainty regarding whether a successful field goal was scored as a 2-point or 3-point field goal, to ensure accurate scoring.
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Free throws
In basketball, a field goal is defined as a basket scored on any shot or tap other than a free throw. Free throws, also known as foul shots, are unopposed attempts to score points by shooting from behind the free-throw line, which is situated at the end of the restricted area. Free throws are generally awarded when a player is fouled by an opponent, or when the opposing team commits a technical foul. The number of free throws awarded can vary depending on the situation, ranging from one to three attempts. Each successful free throw is worth one point.
The rules and procedures surrounding free throws are well-defined in basketball. When a free throw is awarded, an official delivers the ball to the shooter, who must attempt the shot within 10 seconds. During the attempt, players must adhere to specific positioning requirements, with designated spaces for teammates and opponents. Violations of these rules can result in penalties, such as awarding the opposing team possession or a substitute free throw.
In conclusion, free throws are an essential component of basketball, offering a method for scoring points and influencing the flow of the game. They are governed by specific rules and can be leveraged strategically by teams to gain an edge over their opponents. Understanding and mastering free throws are crucial for players and coaches alike, contributing to the overall competitiveness and excitement of the sport.
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Slam dunks
In basketball, a field goal is a basket scored on any shot or tap other than a free throw. Field goals are one of the primary methods of scoring in basketball. They are usually worth two or three points, depending on the location of the attempt on the basket.
One type of field goal is a slam dunk. This occurs when a player jumps near the basket with possession of the ball, throwing it down through the basket while airborne.
The mechanics of a slam dunk involve a player driving towards the basket with speed and power, often using a series of dribbles or passes to build momentum. As they approach the basket, they jump off one or two feet, extending their arm(s) up to reach the hoop. The ball is then thrown down through the basket with force, often involving a degree of wrist snap and finger flick to ensure a smooth and accurate release.
The height and athleticism of the player are crucial factors in their ability to perform slam dunks. Taller players with longer wingspans may have an advantage in reaching the hoop, while players with strong jumping abilities can leap higher and extend their reach further. Additionally, players with larger hands may find it easier to grip and control the ball during the dunking motion.
Some of the most famous slam dunkers in NBA history include Michael Jordan, Vince Carter, and LeBron James. They have captivated audiences with their powerful and graceful slam dunks, often showcasing their creativity and showmanship during dunk contests and in-game situations.
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Frequently asked questions
A field goal in basketball refers to any shot made during normal play, except for a free throw, that successfully goes through the basket. It is one of the primary methods of scoring in basketball.
Field goals can be worth two or three points, depending on the player's position on the court when the shot is made. A two-point field goal is scored when a player makes a basket from anywhere inside the three-point line. A three-point field goal is scored when a player makes a shot from beyond the three-point line.
Field goal percentage is a statistic that measures a player's accuracy at shooting the ball into the basket. It is calculated by dividing the number of successful field goals by the total number of attempts and then multiplying by 100. A high field goal percentage indicates that a player or team is efficient at scoring.
